Drug-Eluting Hydrophilic Coating Modification of Intraocular Lens via Facile Dopamine Self-Polymerization for Posterior Capsular Opacification Prevention

Abstract

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most important complication in cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation surgery, mainly stemming from the adhesion, proliferation, and transdifferentiation of the postsurgically residual lens epithelial cells (LECs). Previous investigations mainly focused on the hydrophilic surface modification of the IOLs for PCO prevention, such as heparinization. However, the long-term clinical investigations show that there is no significant difference between pristine and heparinized IOLs. In the present study, a synergetic coating with properties of drug-eluting and hydrophilicity was designed and modified onto the IOL surface via facile dopamine self-polymerization. The antiproliferative drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded when a polydopamine (PDA) coating was formed on the IOL surface. The hydrophilic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) could be subsequently grafted onto the drug-loaded PDA coating surface easily. The hydrophilic outer layer could slow down drug-eluting from underneath the drug-incorporated coating. In vitro and in vivo investigations demonstrated that such multifunctionalized coating-modified IOLs could not only thoroughly and effectively prevent PCO development by induced cell apoptosis but also render safety and biocompatibility to the surrounding tissues.

Augmented cellular uptake and homologous targeting of exosome-based drug loaded IOL for posterior capsular opacification prevention and biosafety improvement

“…With the modification of Exos and Dox@Exos, the WCA of modified IOL surfaces decreases to 34.4° and 32.7°, which shows high hydrophilicity. The excellent hydrophilicity of the surfaces may provide a certain cell anti-adhesion effect [ 18 , 49 , 50 ]. At the same time, the change of WCA further confirms the successful prepared of Dox@Exos modified materials.…”

“…To evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the Dox@Exos-modified IOLs, PCO models were constructed on two-month-old Japanese white rabbits by phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation. The IOLs implantation and postoperative observation were by the methods of our previous publications [ 15 , 48 , 49 ]. The rabbits were treated, monitored, and evaluated according to the Association for Visual and Ophthalmic Research guidelines.…”

Lab‐on‐a‐Contact Lens: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

“…The SCL products typically act passively as coatings or bulking agents at the current stage. In the current translational SCL market, long-term reliability is more important than the functional response capability in commercial applications [365,366].…”

Considerations for Polymers Used in Ocular Drug Delivery

“…These two applications have seen recent investigation as a novel method of ocular drug delivery. Liu et al (129) developed an intraocular lens (IOL) with a self-polymerizing polydopamine coating capable of loading and eluting doxorubicin, preventing posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in rabbit models. Jiang et al (130) developed polydopamine nanoparticles which showed effective loading and oxidative stress-dependent release of anti-VEGF in vitro.…”

“…Building off of that research, they found that glutathione may be a useful addition to ascorbic acid in ocular drug delivery (13). Polymer coatings for IOLs, made of polydopamine or synthetic polymers, are being evaluated to reduce complications after cataract surgery from infection and PCO (129,176).…”