“…A MEDLINE search of articles containing the word 'Ramadan' or a combination of 'fasting' plus either 'Muslim' or 'Islam' found that researchers have examined the effect of fasting during Ramadan on diabetes (Salti et al 2004, Sari et al 2004, breast milk composition (Rakicioglu et al 2006, Rashid 2007, cholesterol levels (Adlouni et al 1998, Qujeq et al 2002, seizure activity (Gomceli et al 2008), incidence of acute cardiac events (Al suwaidi et al 2004a), incidence of hospitalisation for congestive heart failure (Al Suwaidi et al 2004b), frequency of emergency department visits (Topacoglu et al 2005) and neonatal birth weight (Kavehmanesh and Abolghasemi 2004). Several studies have noted inadequate hydration (Schmahl andMetzler 1991, Leiper andMolla 2003); variations in nutritional intake (Gharbi et al 2003, Lamine et al 2006, Reilly and Waterhouse 2007; challenges with medication, administration and adherence (Aadil et al 2004, Habib et al 2008; and inadequacy of sleep (Roky et al 2003) during Ramadan.…”