Drug-Loaded Carbon Nanoparticle Suspension Injection: Drug Selection, Releasing Behavior, <I>In Vitro</I> Cytotoxicity and <I>In Vivo</I> Lymph Node Targeting

Abstract

In this study, drug-loaded carbon nanoparticle suspension as theranostic carrier was prepared for lymph node targeting delivery. Five model anti-cancer drugs were chosen to evaluate the drug selection, drug loading and releasing performance of carbon nanoparticle suspension. The relative recovery, precision, stability and limited detection range were studied in details. We found that the CNSI selectively adsorbed DOX and EPI and hardly adsorbed PTX, CDDP and 5-FU. The isothermal curves of CNSI adsorption to DOX and EPI are all fitted well with the Freundlich model. The adsorption process is not monolayer adsorption. By in vivo topical administration of DOX-loaded CNSI and EPI-loaded CNSI, we found that the drug-loaded CNSI were not only maintained its lymph node staining properties but also targeted delivery the drugs to the lymph node. The results demonstrated that the CNSI is not only used to vital staining of lymph vessels and lymph nodes but also can be used as drug delivery carrier. CNSI is a promising theranostic carrier for DOX or EPI delivery in cancer therapy.

Skeleton labeled ¹³C-carbon nanoparticles for the imaging and quantification in tumor drainage lymph nodes

“…8 In another study, Xie et al used CNSI to deliver epirubicin and doxorubicin. 9 Beyond the laboratory and clinical studies, CNSI has been adopted in clinical applications. CNSI has been used on more than 50,000 patients per year for TDLN mapping during oncological surgery (data on file, Chongqing Lummy Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., January, 2017).…”

A narrative review on the role of carbon nanoparticles in oncology

“…Yang et al, 2012). Studies have demonstrated that CNSI efficiently adsorbs epirubicin and doxorubicin (Huang et al, 2018;Xie et al, 2016). Huang et al found that the adsorption rate of doxorubicin reached 86% immediately after mixing and the solution was nearly saturated (94.2%) at 120 min (Huang et al, 2018).…”

“…Huang et al found that the adsorption rate of doxorubicin reached 86% immediately after mixing and the solution was nearly saturated (94.2%) at 120 min (Huang et al, 2018). Similarly, Xie et al found that 74.7% of doxorubicin and 91.9% of epirubicin was adsorbed at 60 min post mixing (Xie et al, 2016). Therefore, in clinical applications, CNSI could simply be mixed with epirubicin or doxorubicin shortly before the procedure.…”

“…The adsorption of doxorubicin and epirubicin appears to be selective as nearly no adsorption of paclitaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil by CNSI has been observed (Xie et al, 2016). Several structural characteristics of epirubicin and doxorubicin likely contribute to their selective adsorption (Xie et al, 2016). Epirubicin and doxorubicin have a unique aromatic structure that imparts a strong affinity for the surface of CNSI due to π-π stacking.…”

Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Carbon Nanoparticles Suspension Injection in Intravenously Exposed Mice

“…In fact, CNSI adsorbs drugs well and could be used as a drug carrier. For example, Xie et al found that CNSI adsorbed epirubicin and doxorubicin efficiently [ 15 ]. Yang et al reported that CNSI significantly enhanced the drug concentration in lymph nodes and reduced the plasma drug concentration in the regional lymphatic chemotherapy of epirubicin [ 16 ].…”