Drug Release from Polymer Thin Films and Gel Pellets: Insights from Programmed Microplate Electroanalysis

Abstract

Robotic electroanalysis in 24-well microplates was used to determine Paracetamol (PCT) release from thin films of chitosan and two pH-sensitive synthetic polymers as well as blends of the polymers with each other and with agarose. Square-wave voltammograms were recorded automatically in a potential window of 0.35 V-0.85 V vs. Ag/AgCl/0.1 M KCl and their evaluation revealed time-dependent PCT release into acidic and basic media. Comparison of the release profiles showed that pure chitosan layers released PCT quickly in a single-phase process while liberation from synthetic polymer thin films was slower with a sigmoidal shape at pH 1.2 and pH 8.0 with a maximum release of PCT after approximately 150 and 140 min, respectively. The release profile from thicker agarose films was between those of the thin films. Agarose blended with chitosan or synthetic polymers formed films with biphasic release behavior. Chitosan linearized the initial section of the release profile in chitosan/polymer blends. The automated procedure for release testing offers the advantage of low-cost, laboreffective and error-free data acquisition. The procedure has been validated as a useful microplate assay option for release profile testing.

An electrochemical method for detecting the biomarker 4-HPA by allosteric activation of Acinetobacter baumannii reductase C1 subunit

“…The relative strengths of five phenols as activators of C1-catalyzed NADH corresponded with those determined using optical assays, with 4-HPA the most potent. The proposed methodology is thus applicable to screening allosteric redox enzymes for practical applications, especially when combined with robotic electroanalysis (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42) or electrochemical minicells for fluid testing (43)(44)(45). The results of this study may encourage consideration of voltammetric or amperometric detection as an economical and convenient alternative to spectroscopic methods, for initial screening of library members from engineered enzyme synthesis though not necessarily for detailed kinetic or mechanistic studies.…”

Electrosprayed Eudragit RL100 nanoparticles with Janus polyvinylpyrrolidone patches for multiphase release of paracetamol

“…[57][58][59][60][61] Dissolution enhancements and biphasic controlled release would be useful to enhance their therapeutic effects while reducing the risk of excessive dosage to achieve the goal of "effective, safe and convenient" drug delivery. 41,[62][63][64][65][66]…”

Investigation of the Real-Time Release of Doxycycline from PLA-Based Nanofibers

“…Compared to other instrumental techniques, they are more cost-effective, with high sensitivity and precision, so the measured dissolution profiles can show realistic kinetics [ 20 , 21 ]. The in situ release of paracetamol from symmetric and asymmetric sugarcane bagasse membranes [ 27 ], as well as from thin chitosan and agarose films [ 28 ], was successfully investigated using the SWV method. The applicability of the method was studied for examining the release of piroxicam [ 29 ], doxorubicin [ 18 ], naproxen [ 21 ], selegiline [ 30 ], etc.…”