“…On the other hand, several FDA-approved drugs had been repurposed for combating COVID-19 with acceptable side effects in human [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ; however, only some of which were reported with beneficial effects in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. For example, Remdesivir, a nucleoside drug against a variety of viruses, helps to shorten the recovery time of hospitalized COVID-19 patients [23] .…”