Drug residues in food animals. III. Plasma and tissue kinetics of potassium penicillin G in young cross‐bred swine

Abstract

Twenty‐two young cross‐bred swine were treated either intravenously or orally with potassium penicillin G. The pharmacokinetics of penicillin G were determined in plasma and tissues. The plasma half‐life of penicillin G in swine was found to be 19.45±1.69 min, and the distribution and elimination kinetics were found to fit a classical two‐compartment model. The volume of distribution was found to be 0.53±0.12 1/kg, and the body clearance was found to be 19.06±5.06 ml/min/kg which exceeded the effective renal plasma flow of 16.50±2.73 ml/min/kg, suggesting that the drug was eliminated both by tubular excretion and glomerular filtration. The elimination rate constants (Beta) for the major organs were as follows: muscle, 0.00343 min‐1; lung, 0.0310 min‐1; fat, 0.0394 min‐1; and kidney, 0.0213 min‐1, which compared favorably with the elimination rate constant found in plasma (0.0320 min‐1). These values were found to be significantly similar at the level of P < 0.005 in muscle, spleen and fat, and at a level of P < 0.025 in lung tissue. The data indicates that blood plasma would be a satisfactory body fluid for estimating this drug in tissue.

Effects of experimentally induced Streptococcus suis infection on the pharmacokinetics of penicillin G in pigs

“…The pharmacokinetic parameters of potassium penicillin G in healthy pigs in the present experiments are somewhat at variance with those which were reported for young crossbred pigs given a slightly smaller dose (1 100 idkg i.v.) (Mercer et al, 1978). In the present study, the elimination half-life (t,hKe) was longer (0.87 k 0.25 h compared with 19.45 k 1.69 min), the apparent distribution volume (V,) was slightly larger (0.67 +-0.24 Vkg compared with 0.53 k 0.12 Ykg) and the body clearance (CI8) was lower (5.35 f 1.02 ml/kg/ min compared with 19.06 +-5.06 mVkg/min).…”

Bovine kidney tissue/biological fluid correlation for penicillin

“…, 1986). The use of plasma as the most consistent body fluid for monitoring oxytetracycline tissue residues and penicillin G tissue kinetics in young cross‐bred swine is recommended by the research of Mercer et al. (1978a,b) as well as oxytetracycline in veal calves (Meijer et al.…”