Drug resistance among chronic HIV-1-infected patients naïve for use of anti-retroviral therapy in Sao Paulo city

Gonsalez, Claudio Roberto; Alcalde, Rosana; Nishiya, Anna S.; Barreto, Cristine Chaves; Silva, Fabio E.S.; Almeida, Alexandre de; Mendonça, Marcelo; Ferreira, Francirosy Campos Barbosa; Fernandes, Simone S.; Casseb, Jorge; Duarte, Alberto J. S.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2007.06.021

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The present study reveals that RAMs exist in treatment-naive HIV-1 infected persons; similar findings have been reported by others [9][10][11][12][13][14]. The prevalence of RAMs in the present study (14.3%) is in agreement with studies done in Italy (12.5%) and the United States (16.0%) [9][10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…K103N mutation was the most common RAM presented among treatment-naive patients. This finding corroborates several other studies that reported that K103N was highly prevalent among NNRTI-associated resistance mutations [11][12] or among RAMs in treatment-naive patients [13][14]. K103N mutation causes high resistance to nevirapine and efavirenz [16], and thus limits the available choice of the best drug combination in firstline treatment for patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Antiretroviral drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes among treatment-naive prisoners in Kelantan, Malaysia

Ariffin

Mohamad

Yusuf

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and continuous reports of HIV-1 strains developing resistance to these drugs is rather alarming, as transmission of resistant viruses to newly infected persons is possible. This study aimed to determine HIV-1 subtypes and the prevalence of primary mutations associated with antiretroviral (ARV) resistance among treatment-naive prisoners on the east coast of Malaysia. Methodology: Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 21 treatment-naive prisoners. Protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions were amplified and sequenced. Stanford HIV database algorithms were used for interpretation of resistance, and phylogenetic analysis was performed for subtype assignment. Results: In the PR gene, no antiviral resistance-associated mutation was detected. For RT-associated mutations, K103N was the most prevalent in sequenced samples (14.3%). Genetic subtyping on the pol gene revealed that the majority of the prisoners were infected with subtype CRF33_01B (52.4%). Conclusion: Continuous surveillance of newly infected individuals is required to help strategize the best antiviral treatment for these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antiretroviral drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes among treatment-naive prisoners in Kelantan, Malaysia

Ariffin

Mohamad

Yusuf

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…However, drug-resistance mutations can be identified in patients with chronic infections, demonstrating the lack of complete reversal in all cases and the persistence of these strains in the plasma of treatment-naïve patients for several years 6,18,23,30 . In addition, the possibility of transmission of more complex patterns should be taken into account, although they are not detected in treatment-naïve patients because of the reversal of mutations or because of the low sensitivity of the drug-resistance test in detecting variants present in smaller numbers 30 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and primary resistance among HIV-1-positive patients from Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

Gaspareto¹,

Mello²,

Dias³

et al. 2012

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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The objective of this study is to identify subtypes of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) and to analyze the presence of mutations associated to antiretroviral resistance in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions from 48 HIV-1 positive treatment naïve patients from an outpatient clinic in Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Sequencing was conducted using PR, partial RT and group-specific antigen gene (gag) nested PCR products from retrotranscribed RNA. Transmitted resistance was determined according to the Surveillance Drug Resistance Mutation List (SDRM) algorithm. Phylogenetic and SimPlot analysis of concatenated genetic segments classified sequences as subtype B 19/48 (39.6%), subtype C 12/48 (25%), subtype F 4/48 (8.3%), with 13/48 (27.1%) recombinant forms. Most recombinant forms were B mosaics (B/F 12.5%, B/C 10.4%), with one C/F (2.1%) and one complex B/C/F mosaic (2.1%). Low levels of transmitted resistance were found in this study, 2/48 (2.1% to NRTIs and 2.1% for PI). This preliminary data may subsidize the monitoring of the HIV evolution in the region.

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“…patients naïve for use the antiretroviral therapy where Brazil has shown primary drug resistance rates that were on average lower than in most developed countries analysed (20,21). There are no previous reports in Brazil showing the occurrence of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 strains circulating in drug naïve patients in contrast to some countries (20).…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In a cohort of 8 newly HIV-1-infected individuals the prevalence of HIV-1 variants with known resistance-conferring genotypes to any antiretroviral agent was 16.3% (52). In Brazil, in a cohort of 136 HIV-1 infected adult patients naïve for use of antiretroviral therapy, primary drug resistance was seen in 6.5% of them (21). It was recently observed that the prevalence of primary drug resistance-associated mutations among Brazilian HIV-1 vertically infected children was 9.8% (53).…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutations associated with antiretroviral resistance among patients from Southern Brazil failing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Saad

Morimoto²,

Wiechmann³

et al. 2010

Int J Mol Med

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Abstract. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic in Brazil is spreading to small municipalities as well as the innermost parts of the country and scarce information has been reported on the frequency of HIV-1 resistanceassociated mutations in these areas. To determine the frequency and diversity of the HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance-associated mutations among patients failing highly active antiretroviral therapy from Londrina in Southern Brazil, 127 HIV-1 genotyping tests that were assayed during January 2000 to July 2008 from 108 patients were evaluated. Sixty-nine patients (63.9%) were male and 39 (36.1%) were female and the age ranged from 10 to 68 years (mean, 40.8±9.2). All of them showed at least one HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance-associated mutation and in 72 (56.7%) genotyping tests, mutations for the three antiretroviral classes were detected simultaneously. Mutations associated with resistance to protease inhibitor (PI) were detected in 124 tests (97.6%), the main ones were L90M in 28 (22.0%), V82A in 27 (21.2%), M46I in 26 (20.5%), and I54V in 23 (18.1%). The main mutations associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance were M184V in 82 (64.6%), and the thymidine analog mutations were D67N in 51 (40.1%) tests, K70R in 45 (35.4%), T215Y in 40 (31.5%), and M41L in 38 (30.0%). The most frequent major mutations associated with resistance to nonnucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTI) were K103N in 47 (37.0%), G190A in 11 (8.7%), and G190S in 2 (2.6%) tests. Mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to NRTI and IP simultaneously were observed in 46 (36.2%) tests. The results obtained may contribute to the improvement of the treatment strategies and the management of the antiretroviral drug therapy of HIV-1-infected patients from this Brazilian region, reducing public costs for antiretroviral drugs which have not been efficient in therapy.

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Drug resistance among chronic HIV-1-infected patients naïve for use of anti-retroviral therapy in Sao Paulo city

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Antiretroviral drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes among treatment-naive prisoners in Kelantan, Malaysia

Antiretroviral drug resistance and HIV-1 subtypes among treatment-naive prisoners in Kelantan, Malaysia

Genetic diversity and primary resistance among HIV-1-positive patients from Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

Frequency and diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutations associated with antiretroviral resistance among patients from Southern Brazil failing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

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