Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India

Potdar, Pravin; Daswani, B.S.; Rane, N.J.

doi:10.3923/ijv.2011.13.23

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Although our study did not determine the phenotypic resistance pattern in the infected individuals (a limitation of the study), analysis according to the Stanford algorithm showed that M46L mutation confers potential low-level resistance to ATV/r, FPV/r, IDV/r, LPV/r, TPV/r and intermediate-level resistance to NFV to isolates in this study as shown in Table 3. Mutations at positions 82 and 88 generally co-exist and result in contraindication to many PIs particularly NFV [29]. In line with this, the only isolate with V82L mutation in this study, NG_IM.12_07, also harbours N88D mutation in addition to L10I and K20I mutations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Polymorphisms and drug resistance analysis of HIV-1 isolates from patients on first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South-eastern Nigeria

2020

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Polymorphisms and drug resistance analysis of HIV-1 isolates from patients on first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South-eastern Nigeria

2020

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“…reported 76% resistance to any ARV drug, 71% resistance to NRTIs, 41% resistance to PIs, and 25% resistance to NNRTIs in the United States. [13] As reported elsewhere [5] some of the common mutations we found were M46 L, I47M, V82A/D/G, in addition to minor protease mutations or polymorphisms of L10I, V11F, L23H, K43I/R, A71D, G73A, T74A/P/S, and N83D.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Although we have not included detailed information on resistance mutations in our manuscript, this has been presented elsewhere. [5]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed explanation of the molecular diagnostic methods has been published elsewhere. [5] HIV Stanford Database was used for genotypic drug resistance analysis. [6] The resistance patterns were classified as: Susceptible (resistance mutation score [RMS] 0 and 5), potential low-level resistance (RMS 10), low-level resistance (RMS 15–25), intermediate resistance (RMS 30–55), and high-level resistance (HLR) (RMS 60 and above).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of antiretroviral resistance patterns in treatment experienced and naive human immunodeficiency virus infected-patients

Harjani

Malkani

2016

Indian J Sex Transm Dis

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Background:About 10% of the patients had surveillance drug-related mutations for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) in an Indian study. It was also reported that resistance was maximum for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and minimum for PIs.Methods:The present study was a cross-sectional assessment of 21 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals attending a HIV care center in a tertiary care center in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. All HIV-infected individuals included in the present analysis were tested for CD4 count, viral load, and resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs).Results:A total of 13 male and 8 female were included in the present analysis. Of these, 18 were treatment naive and three were treatment experienced patients. In treatment-naive patients, the proportion of high-level resistance (HLR) was 2% for NRTIs, 5% for PIs, and 11% for NNRTIs. In treatment-naive patients, high susceptibility was observed for darunavir (89%) followed by lopinavir (72%) and fosamprenavir (67%) among PIs. Similarly, susceptibility was high for NRTIs lamivudine (94%), emtricitabine (94%), and tenofovir (89%). However, we found HLR for nevirapine (39%) even in treatment-naive patients.Conclusions:The proportion of HLR was relatively low for PIs and NRTIs, compared with NNRTIs in treatment-naive patients. We also reported a high correlation in resistance patterns among drugs belonging to the same group. Thus, it may be useful to conduct ARV resistance even in newly infected HIV patients and those receiving medications for the first time.

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“…In the examined group, mutations were found in the V82I protease region (a highly polymorphic mutation that is not selected by the PI). The V82L mutation results in moderate levels of resistance to NFV and TPV, as well as low levels of resistance to ATV, FPV, and SQV [ 34 ]. A mutation at position 82 usually occurs simultaneously with a substitution at position 88.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Drug Resistance Mutations and Subtype Profiles among Pregnant Women of Ho Chi Minh City, South Vietnam

Ostankova,

Shchemelev,

Thu

et al. 2023

Viruses

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According to the latest data released by UNAIDS, the global number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in 2021 was 38.4 million, with 1.5 million new HIV infections. In different countries, a significant proportion of these cases occur in the adult fertile population aged 15–49 years. According to UNAIDS, Vietnam had a national HIV prevalence of 0.3% of the total population at the end of 2019, with approximately 230,000 PLHIV. The most effective way to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV is ART to reduce maternal viral load. HIV-infected pregnant women should undergo monthly monitoring, especially before the expected date of delivery. The aim of our work was to analyze subtypic structure and drug-resistant variants of HIV in pregnant women in Ho Chi Minh City. The study material was blood plasma samples from HIV-infected pregnant women: 31 women showed virological failure of ART, and 30 women had not previously received therapy. HIV-1 genotyping and mutation detection were performed based on analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the pol gene region. More than 98% of sequences genotyped as HIV-1 sub-subtype CRF01_AE. When assessing the occurrence of drug resistance mutations, genetic resistance to any drug was detected in 74.41% (95% CI: 62.71–85.54%) of patients. These included resistance mutations to protease inhibitors in 60.66% (95% CI: 47.31–72.93%) of patients, to NRTIs in 8.20% (95% CI: 2.72–18.10%), and to NNRTIs in 44.26% (95% CI: 31.55–57.52%). Mutations associated with NRTI (2) and NNRTI (8) resistance as well as PI mutations (12), including minor ones, were identified. The high prevalence of drug resistance mutations found in this study among pregnant women, both in therapeutically naive individuals and in patients with virological failure of ART, indicates that currently used regimens in Vietnam are insufficient to prevent vertical HIV infection.

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Drug Resistance Mutations to Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Treatment Naive HIV-1 Clade C Infected Individuals from Mumbai, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Polymorphisms and drug resistance analysis of HIV-1 isolates from patients on first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South-eastern Nigeria

Polymorphisms and drug resistance analysis of HIV-1 isolates from patients on first line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South-eastern Nigeria

A study of antiretroviral resistance patterns in treatment experienced and naive human immunodeficiency virus infected-patients

HIV Drug Resistance Mutations and Subtype Profiles among Pregnant Women of Ho Chi Minh City, South Vietnam

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