Drug‐resistant pneumococci in children with acute lower respiratory infections in Vietnam

Watanabe, Kiwao; Anh, Đặng Đức; Huong, Phan Le Thanh; Nguyet, Nguyen Thu; Anh, Nguyen Thu Hien; Thi, Ngo Thi; Dũng, Nguyễn Tiến; Phuong, Doan Mai; Rusizoka, Olivia Sebastian; Nagatake, Tsuyoshi; Watanabe, Hiroshi; Oishi, Kazunori

doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2008.02616.x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Of 2511 titles and abstracts reviewed, 2311 were excluded because they did not meet eligibility criteria. The full text of 200 publications was reviewed, and 88 studies with child pneumonia etiology results were included [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] [81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91]. Studies ranged in size from 10 to 21 239 pneumonia patients (median 260 patients).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review and Survey of Childhood Pneumonia Etiology Studies: 2000–2010

Gilani¹,

Kwong²,

Levine³

et al. 2012

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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The Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) project is the largest multicountry etiology study of childhood pneumonia since the Board on Science and Technology in International Development studies of the 1980s. However, it is not the only recent or ongoing pneumonia etiology study, and even with seven sites, it cannot capture all epidemiologic settings in the developing world. Funding providers, researchers and policymakers rely on the best available evidence to strategically plan programs, new research directions and interventions. We aimed to describe the current landscape of recent pneumonia etiology studies in children under 5 years of age in the developed and developing world, as ascertained by a literature review of relevant studies with data since the year 2000 and a survey of researchers in the field of childhood pneumonia. We collected information on the study population, study design, case definitions, laboratory samples and methods and identified pathogens. A literature review identified 88 studies with child pneumonia etiology results. As of June 2010, our survey of researchers identified an additional 65 ongoing and recently completed child pneumonia etiology studies. This demonstrates the broad existing context into which the PERCH study must be placed. However, the landscape analysis also reveals a multiplicity of case definitions, levels of clinician involvement, facility types, specimen collection, and laboratory techniques. It reinforces the need for the standardization of methods and analyses for present and future pneumonia etiology studies in order to optimize their cumulative potential to accurately describe the microbial causes of childhood pneumonia.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review and Survey of Childhood Pneumonia Etiology Studies: 2000–2010

Gilani¹,

Kwong²,

Levine³

et al. 2012

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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“…2009), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (Nguyen et al. 2005), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Watanabe et al. 2008) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Huong et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proposed explanations for this include lack of resources, inappropriate use of antibiotics, poor availability and use of counterfeit medication, lack of adequately trained healthcare workers and low priority of infection control (Allegranzi & Pittet 2007). There are a number of studies on antibiotic resistance in Vietnam; most describe community-acquired infections caused by Salmonella (Ogasawara et al 2008) and Shigella species (Vinh et al 2009), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (Nguyen et al 2005), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Watanabe et al 2008) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Huong et al 2006). The only surveillance studies on antibiotic resistance in Vietnamese hospitals were on surgical site infections (Sohn et al 2002;Jones et al 2006;Le et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Need for improved antimicrobial and infection control stewardship in Vietnamese intensive care units

Johansson¹,

Phuong²,

Walther³

et al. 2011

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjective Survey of antibiotic consumption, microbial resistance and hygiene precautions in the intensive care units of three hospitals in northern Vietnam.methods Observational study. Data were collected from the microbiological laboratories. Antibiotic consumption was determined based on quantities of drugs delivered from the pharmacy. A protocol to observe the application of hygiene precautions was developed and used. Bacteria were typed and tested for drug susceptibility using the disc-diffusion method.results The mean antibiotic consumption was 811 defined daily doses per 1000 occupied bed days.The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation cephalosporins, followed by carbapenems, amoxicillin and ampicillin. Eighty per cent of bacterial isolates were Gram-negative. The most common pathogens found in blood cultures were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp. were the two most frequently isolated bacteria from the respiratory tract and all other sources together. Seventy per cent of Acinetobacter species showed reduced susceptibility to imipenem, 80% to ciprofloxacin and 89% to ceftazidime. Forty-four per cent of Pseudomonas spp. showed reduced susceptibility to imipenem, 49% to ciprofloxacin and 49% to ceftazidime. Escherichia coli was fully susceptible to imipenem, but 57% of samples were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. Hygiene precautions were poor, and fewer than 50% of patient contacts incorporated appropriate hand hygiene.conclusion Low antibiotic consumption, poor hygiene precautions and the high level of antibiotic resistance indicate that there is room for improvement regarding antibiotic use and infection control.

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“…The overall PCV7 coverage rates in sputum and blood were 66 . 7 % [36], 76 . These rates in children aged <5 years were 70 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information about non-bacteraemic pneumonia serotypes is limited. The coverage rates of PCV7 in patients aged <5 years with respiratory infections determined using oropharyngeal swab samples in Vietnam, hypopharyngeal aspirates in China and nasopharyngeal isolates in Switzerland were 88·7% [36], 76·3% [37], and about 70% (<2 years) [38], respectively, with serotype 19F being the most frequent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of childhood pneumonia and serotype and sequence-type distribution inStreptococcus pneumoniaeisolates in Japan

et al. 2011

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The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) is reported to decrease the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. To determine the annual incidence of CAP before the introduction of PCV7, we counted the number of children hospitalized with CAP between 2008 and 2009 in Chiba City, Japan. We investigated serotype and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in CAP cases. The annual incidence of hospitalized CAP in children aged <5 years was 17.6 episodes/1000 child-years. In 626 episodes, S. pneumoniae was dominant in 14.7% and 0.8% of sputum and blood samples, respectively. The most common serotypes were 6B, 23F and 19F. The coverage rates of PCV7 were 66.7% and 80% in sputum samples and blood samples, respectively. MLST analysis revealed 37 sequence types. Furthermore, 54.1% of the sputum isolates and 40% of the blood isolate were related to international multidrug-resistant clones.

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Drug‐resistant pneumococci in children with acute lower respiratory infections in Vietnam

Abstract: gPRSP strains with serotype 19F or 23F are highly prevalent among pediatric patients with ALRI under 5 years of age in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

A Literature Review and Survey of Childhood Pneumonia Etiology Studies: 2000–2010

A Literature Review and Survey of Childhood Pneumonia Etiology Studies: 2000–2010

Need for improved antimicrobial and infection control stewardship in Vietnamese intensive care units

Incidence of childhood pneumonia and serotype and sequence-type distribution inStreptococcus pneumoniaeisolates in Japan

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