Drugs and fetal heart rate patterns

Geijn, H.P. van

doi:10.1016/b978-0-407-02301-7.50016-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The current data do not provide an explanation for the increase of FHR irregularity that was noticed in 3 cases of late decelerations in calves . In human FHR recordings with late decelerations , normal or de-12 creased FHR variability was found.7 7,29 The excess amount of irregularity that was noticed in combination with some late decelerations might have been similar to the saltatory pattern in AC calves described by Held et al .' Analysis of the ECG waveform might be of help in explaining this type of FHR irregularity in calves .…”

Section: N-acmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…26 The lag time and slow recovery of the deceleration represent a prolonged hypoxic state after a uterine contraction in the human fetus. 4,7,12 Slow recovery and lag time occurred more often in calves of the AC group . Although Po , was not measured in this study , AC calves are likely to be hypoxic as well.39 A lag time in the bovine CTG probably indicates hypoxemia and acidosis .…”

Section: N-acmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Comparable definitions for these characteristics of decelerations are used to describe decelerations in CTG obtained from human fetuses. 7,12,14 Slow recovery of the deceleration , presence of overshoot , and smoothing after the deceleration are additional characteristics of variable decelerations in CTG recordings.4.15 Slow recovery of a deceleration is defined as a recovery phase of longer duration than the decrease in FHR from baseline to the nadir of the deceleration . Overshoot is a secondary and marked increase in heart rate beyond com- Baseline FHR is defined as the mean FHR between contractions and in the absence of periodic alterations of the FHR.11,18 The A-FHR is defined as the difference between baseline FHR during the actual window and that during the first window (window -10 ) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of fetal heart rate changes during the expulsive stage of bovine parturition in relation to fetal outcome

Jonker,

Geijn,

Chan

et al. 1996

ajvr

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Objective To characterize fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns of nonacidotic (N-AC) and acidotic (AC) calves during the expulsive stage of parturition. Animals 32 calves born to heifers, either unassisted or by moderate traction. Procedure Cardiotocograms (CTG) evaluated qualitatively (visual) and quantitatively by a moving window technique (width 10, shift 5 minutes) for baseline FHR, variability, and periodic alterations (accelerations and decelerations). Results Significant differences were apparent between increase in baseline FHR of N-AC and AC calves; change in FHR (Δ-FHR), taking into account individual FHR, is a more discriminating parameter. The predominant reaction to uterine contraction is a decrease in FHR; variable decelerations were the most common type in both groups, and late decelerations were seen only in AC calves. Additional characteristics of variable decelerations were more frequently seen in AC calves. Conclusions CTG parameters during expulsion can discriminate between AC and N-AC calves, but specific characteristics are not exclusively restricted to AC or N-AC calves. Clinical Relevance CTG recordings during bovine parturition in cattle provide information on the fetal condition and can be used in the future to study the effects of medication and manipulations to the fetus. (Am J Vet Res 1996;57:1373-1381)

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Section: N-acmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: N-acmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics of fetal heart rate changes during the expulsive stage of bovine parturition in relation to fetal outcome

Jonker,

Geijn,

Chan

et al. 1996

ajvr

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“…Although electronic fetal monitoring has contributed to a considerable decrease in perinatal morbidity [25] it must be reminded that asphyxia is not the only factor determining the fetal heart rate. Other influences are e. g. fetal age, behavioral state, congenital anomalies, maternal infections and drug usage [20,21]. Therefore, a non-optimal cardiotachogram (fetal heart rate pattern) can be a sign of fetal distress, but this is not necessarily always true.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Measurement and processing of fetal transcutaneous Pco₂levels

Bergmans¹,

Geijn²,

Kessel³

et al. 1987

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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Because asphyxia is not the only factor influencing fetal heart rhythm, a non-optimal cardiotachogram is not necessarily a sign of fetal distress. It makes further evaluation of the fetal condition advisable, especially determination of the acid-base equilibrium. The method of fetal blood sampling, introduced by Saling, has a number of disadvantages for mother and fetus, because of the invasiveness for both. Further, the measured acid-base equilibrium is only representative for a very short period of time and often repeated micro-blood sampling is necessary. A major problem with regard to determination of the acid-base equilibrium in intermittently obtained fetal blood samples is the inclusion of air bubbles in the sample. When they are introduced into the electrode cuvettes, the measured values cannot be considered reliable. The problem was solved in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam with a "pipe" shaped special collecting vessel. Similar measuring results were obtained with the formerly used glass capillary method and the special collecting vessel method. Continuous, non-invasive methods have been pursued to avoid the above mentioned problems. Fetal transcutaneous Po2 measurement has been possible for years, but does not provide adequate information during the important second stage of labor because of methodological problems. Continuous fetal tissue pH surveillance is possible, but it also has an invasive character and is technically difficult to perform, leading to many methodological failures. Recently, continuous transcutaneous Pco2 measurement tcPco2 became available. A good correlation was found with simultaneously measured Pco2 levels in fetal blood samples and with those of umbilical artery blood.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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