Drugs of abuse identified in the National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici Bucharest 2010

Dermengiu, Dan; Radu, Doina; Aciu, Florina; Broscauceanu, Aurelia; Sereteanu, Lidia; Gorun, Gabriel; Curcă, George Cristian; Hostiuc, Sorin

doi:10.4323/rjlm.2011.229

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Alguns autores consideram que uma pessoa pode ser capaz de tomar decisões médicas informadas antes de chegar à idade adulta, especialmente em áreas específicas como oncologia ou questões familiares (uso materno de drogas, violência doméstica) [10][11][12][13][14][15] . Shaw 16 , por exemplo, separou os menores em duas faixas etárias -16 e 17 anos e abaixo de 16 anos, e concluiu que um menor acima de 16 anos com capacidade de decisão deve ser capaz de dar consentimento competente para procedimentos médicos, mas não deve ser capaz de recusar um procedimento claramente benéfico.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Hostiuc¹

2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To assess the views of physicians in training regarding the informed consent as autonomous authorization in pediatrics and to discuss the limiting effects of the competence norm in this field. Methods:We conducted a multi-institutional survey with 158 medical residents in order to assess the views of physicians in training regarding the informed consent as autonomous authorization in pediatrics. The study was conducted with volunteer participants, from a limited geographical area (Bucharest and surrounding areas).Results: Most respondents strongly agreed that a patient aged 16-18 years should make informed medical decisions regarding any type of procedures (including reproductive choices), whilst those aged 14-16 should be allowed to take informed medical decisions regarding minor procedures only. Most participants agreed that transplant procedures involving bone marrow should be allowed between siblings if they approve, whilst most disagreed allowing solid organ transplantation. The involvement of children in clinical studies should only be allowed if the children agree. Conclusions:The responses obtained in our study regarding the informed consent put it closer to the autonomic authorization sense than the effective authorization sense. Therefore, respondents' moral intuition is more bioethical and less legal, which, even if maximizing the patient's benefit, is associated with an increased liability risk. However, since the newer generations become more and more precocious, a reanalysis of the classical competence dogmas should be conducted.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012;88(6):518-23: Informed consent by minors, parental consent, third-party consent, competence. ResumoObjetivos: Analisar o ponto de vista de médicos em treinamento a respeito do consentimento informado como autorização autônoma em pediatria e discutir os efeitos limitantes da norma de competência nesse campo. Métodos:Foi realizado um estudo multi-institucional com 158 residentes de medicina com o intuito de analisar o ponto de vista de médicos em treinamento a respeito do consentimento informado como autorização autônoma em pediatria. A participação no estudo foi voluntária, e os participantes eram provenientes de uma área geográfica limitada (Bucareste e arredores). Resultados:A maioria dos respondentes concordou totalmente que um paciente entre 16 e 18 anos deve tomar decisões médicas informadas sobre qualquer tipo de procedimento (inclusive os referentes a escolhas reprodutivas); enquanto que pacientes entre 14 e 16 anos devem ser autorizados a tomar decisões médicas informadas apenas a respeito de procedimentos menores. A maioria concordou que transplantes de medula óssea devem ser permitidos entre irmãos se aprovados por ambos, enquanto que a maioria não concorda com o transplante de órgãos sólidos. A participação de crianças em estudos clínicos deve ser permitida apenas se a criança concordar. Conclusões:As respostas obtidas em nosso estudo sobre o consentimento informado aproximam-no mais do sentido de autorização autônoma do...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Hostiuc¹

2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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“…• very young age (extreme youth). When talking about drugs we should include, beside major drugs of abuse like opiates or cannabis, various plants that can produce ecstatic frenzy or erotic hallucinations: mandrake, jimson weed seeds in combination with alcohol, bay laurel and other ethno-botanic derived substances [11,12,13]. Interview by the commission must reveal any situation associated with the impossibility of the vulnerable victim to comprehend what was happening to her/him during the sexual approach.…”

Section: Vol XIX No 4(2011)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic psychiatric evaluation of sexual offence victims

Jung¹,

Ardelean²

2011

RJLM

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The role of the forensic medical expert in the field of forensic psychiatry in criminal cases is usually related to offenders' examination in terms of evaluation of their discernment. Within this article we approach the tasks of forensic psychiatry in victims of sexual offence examination in order to bring elements of differentiation between rape and statutory rape in case of minors under the age of fifteen. In Romania the legal age of consent to sexual activities is 15 years. The inability or impossibility of the victim to defend or to express his/her will must be evaluated carefully since the presence of this criterion concludes the allegation of rape instead of sexual act with a minor. Although minor persons consent is considered is considered invalid by Law if aged fewer than 15, it is important to establish the possibility or ability to express their consent. The state of impossibility to express the will may be either temporary (e.g. alcohol and/or drug intoxication) or permanent (mental retardation). The question of extreme youth is an issue of debate, with imprecise criteria of determination. The ethical concern of autonomy respect versus obligation of the society to protect its vulnerable members against undesired sexual acts is also discussed.

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Romania's Drug Policy from 2005 to 2012: Experiences with Implementation

Dégi

2013

Substance Use & Misuse

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Even with the relatively high rate of illicit drug use in Romania, drug prevention remains a relatively low political and professional priority. Policies focus primarily on the criminalization of drug use rather than on prevention and treatment. By studying official Romanian drug policies and legislative documents, as well as national and European reports on the state of the ''drug problem,'' this article focuses on the impact of policy on drug use, treatment, and prevention, with an emphasis on the criminalization of drug use and the resultant trends and practical impacts. The reported lifetime use of illicit drugs has been rising slowly but steadily over the last few years. Contraction of communicable diseases among intravenous drug users is also trending upwards. And with the emphasis on criminalization of drug use and the accompanying marginalization of users, drug-law-related offences are also likely to increase. Unmet needs in drug prevention, a declining tendency to seek drug treatment, and an increase in drug-related deaths are also indicators of the negative effects of the current policy on drug use, criminalization, infections, and the lack of effective prevention. As Romania continues to face serious financial limitations, evidence-based research on drug use is needed; best practice guidelines have to be followed in order to improve access to drug prevention, treatment, and harm-reduction services.

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Drugs of abuse identified in the National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici Bucharest 2010

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Forensic psychiatric evaluation of sexual offence victims

Romania's Drug Policy from 2005 to 2012: Experiences with Implementation

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