Dry Deposition of Atmospheric Contaminants: The Relative Importance of Aerodynamic, Boundary Layer, and Surface Resistances

Wu, Yung‐Fu; Davidson, Cliff I.; Dolske, Donald A.; Sherwood, Susan I.

doi:10.1080/02786829208959538

Cited by 71 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Dry deposition is an important pathway for the transfer of pollutants from the atmosphere to natural surfaces. Dry deposition process can be explained in three steps (Wu et al 1992) 1. Aerodynamic transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of particulate dry deposition: measuring methods, deposition velocity and controlling factors

Mohan

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Much importance was given to dry deposition over the past few decades as it deteriorated the environmental conditions and resulted in subsequent health effects. This paper starts with an overall scenario of dry deposition research; it focuses on: various particulate dry deposition flux measurement methods, comparison of various published numerical values on dry deposition velocity and factors controlling dry deposition velocity. This work provides a technical overview to research studies on the current state of dry deposition and limitations of various measurement methods. Relationship between dry deposition flux and particle concentration is discussed with the help of previous works. Various mathematical models used to predict dry deposition velocity are discussed. Dry deposition velocity of particulates around the world is compared to gain perspective on factors influencing dry deposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of particulate dry deposition: measuring methods, deposition velocity and controlling factors

Mohan

2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…4,[15][16][17] Most of the models developed to study dry deposition of sulfate and other pollutants from the atmosphere are derived for the well-mixed conditions of region C in Figure 1. The flux to the ground is assumed to be equal to the concentration measured at a given height multiplied by a transfer coefficient, which is also dependent on height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition and Removal of Fugitive Dust in the Arid Southwestern United States: Measurements and Model Results

Etyemezian

Ahonen

Nikolić

et al. 2004

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This work was motivated by the need to better reconcile emission factors for fugitive dust with the amount of geologic material found on ambient filter samples. The deposition of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 m (PM 10 ), generated by travel over an unpaved road, over the first 100 m of transport downwind of the road was examined at Ft. Bliss, near El Paso, TX. The field conditions, typical for warm days in the arid southwestern United States, represented sparsely vegetated terrain under neutral to unstable atmospheric conditions. Emission fluxes of PM 10 dust were obtained from towers downwind of the unpaved road at 7, 50, and 100 m. The horizontal flux measurements at the 7 m and 100 m towers indicated that PM 10 deposition to the vegetation and ground was too small to measure. The data indicated, with 95% confidence, that the loss of PM 10 between the source of emission at the unpaved road, represented by the 7 m tower, and a point 100 m downwind was less than 9.5%. A Gaussian model was used to simulate the plume. Values of the vertical standard deviation z and the deposition velocity V d were similar to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ISC3 model. For the field conditions, the model predicted that removal of PM 10 unpaved road dust by deposition over the distance between the point of emission and 100 m downwind would be less than 5%. However, the model results also indicated that particles larger than 10 m (aerodynamic diameter) would deposit more appreciably. The model was consistent with changes observed in size distributions between 7 m and 100 m downwind, which were measured with optical particle counters. The Gaussian model predictions were also compared with another study conducted over rough terrain and stable atmospheric conditions. Under such conditions, measured PM 10 removal rates over 95 m of downwind transport were reported to be between 86% and 89%, whereas the Gaussian model predicted only a 30% removal. One explanation for the large discrepancy between measurements and model results was the possibility that under the conditions of the study, the dust plume was comparable in vertical extent to the roughness elements, thereby violating one of the model assumptions. Results of the field study reported here and the previous work over rough terrain bound the extent of particle deposition expected to occur under most unpaved road emission scenarios. IMPLICATIONSThis work was motivated by the well-documented disagreement between estimates of road and other geological dust obtained by emissions inventory methods and the actual amount of inorganic minerals observed on filter samples at ambient monitoring sites. This study provides a basis for modeling the magnitude of PM 10 dust removal by deposition close to the emission source. The analysis focuses on emissions from unpaved roads, though the results may be pertinent to other sources of fugitive dust. TECHNICAL PAPER INTRODUCTIONFugitive dust is emitted from an unpaved road when a vehicle ...

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“…A first-order regression could be determined, but it is assumed that these processes have a non-normal distribution (e.g., Wu et al, 1992) and the use of an exponential function is more appropriate (Penner et a/. 1993, Wu et a/.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Carbon Budgets of Tropical Rain Forest: A Cross Scale Analysis. Final Report

Oberbauer¹

2004

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Dry Deposition of Atmospheric Contaminants: The Relative Importance of Aerodynamic, Boundary Layer, and Surface Resistances

Cited by 71 publications

References 29 publications

An overview of particulate dry deposition: measuring methods, deposition velocity and controlling factors

An overview of particulate dry deposition: measuring methods, deposition velocity and controlling factors

Deposition and Removal of Fugitive Dust in the Arid Southwestern United States: Measurements and Model Results

Current and Future Carbon Budgets of Tropical Rain Forest: A Cross Scale Analysis. Final Report

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