Dry Electrode Optimization for Wrist-based Electrodermal Activity Monitoring

Anusha, A S; Preejith, S P; Akl, Tony J.; Joseph, Jayaraj; Sivaprakasam, Mohanasankar

doi:10.1109/memea.2018.8438595

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A recent study (Anusha et al, 2018) suggests that dry electrodes on dry skin should be worn for at least 27 min before a sufficient moisture barrier is built up to produce stable EDA values. Although sites were requested to implement this warm-up time not all sites may have done so for all data collection sessions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study With the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®) in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2019

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Objective: The Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®) is a clinical research outcomes assessment system developed to more sensitively measure treatment outcomes and identify subpopulations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we describe JAKE and present results from its digital phenotyping (My JAKE) and biosensor (JAKE Sense) components. Methods: An observational, non-interventional, prospective study of JAKE in children and adults with ASD was conducted at nine sites in the United States. Feedback on JAKE usability was obtained from caregivers. JAKE Sense included electroencephalography, eye tracking, electrocardiography, electrodermal activity, facial affect analysis, and actigraphy. Caregivers of individuals with ASD reported behaviors using My JAKE. Results from My JAKE and JAKE Sense were compared to traditional ASD symptom measures. Results: Individuals with ASD ( N = 144) and a cohort of typically developing (TD) individuals ( N = 41) participated in JAKE Sense. Most caregivers reported that overall use and utility of My JAKE was “easy” (69%, 74/108) or “very easy” (74%, 80/108). My JAKE could detect differences in ASD symptoms as measured by traditional methods. The majority of biosensors included in JAKE Sense captured sizable amounts of quality data (i.e., 93–100% of eye tracker, facial affect analysis, and electrocardiogram data was of good quality), demonstrated differences between TD and ASD individuals, and correlated with ASD symptom scales. No significant safety events were reported. Conclusions: My JAKE was viewed as easy or very easy to use by caregivers participating in research outside of a clinical study. My JAKE sensitively measured a broad range of ASD symptoms. JAKE Sense biosensors were well-tolerated. JAKE functioned well when used at clinical sites previously inexperienced with some of the technologies. Lessons from the study will optimize JAKE for use in clinical trials to assess ASD interventions. Additionally, because biosensors were able to detect features differentiating TD and ASD individuals, and also were correlated with standardized symptom scales, these measures could be explored as potential biomarkers for ASD and as endpoints in future clinical studies. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02668991 identifier: NCT02668991

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study With the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®) in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2019

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“…Others study the measurement location or similarity and correlation measurements of affordable wearables compared among well-calibrated or high-quality sensors, as Table 1 shows. Anusha et al [32] focused on identifying the optimum configuration of dry electrodes for monitoring EDA from the wrist, as hypothetically electrodes designed for EDA detection are influenced by parameters like the anatomical location of measurement, interelectrode distance, and electrode material. Authors fabricated dry electrodes made from stainless steel, silver, brass, and gold material, geometrically and dimensionally similar to the commercially available standard wet electrodes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Analysis of Different Measurement Places of Galvanic Skin Response in Test Groups Facing Valence and Arousal Changes

Sanchez-Comas¹,

Synnes²,

Molina-Estren³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The Galvanic Skin Response (GSR, also widely known as electrodermal activity EDA) is one of the signals related to this emotional reaction. Given the sparsity of studies related to and the variety of devices, we experimented at the Human Health Activity Laboratory with 17 healthy subjects. The goal is to know the variability of detection changes in the electrodermal activity among a test group with heterogeneous respondents in response to valence and arousal stimuli, correlating GSR biosignals measured from different body sites. We experiment with the right and left wrist, left fingers, the right foot's inner side using Shimmer3GSR, and Empatica E4 sensors. Results indicate as the most promising homogeneous GSR measure place the left fingers and right foot. Results suggest that due to a significantly strong correlation among the inner side of the right foot and left fingers and moderate correlations with the right and left wrist, the foot is a good place to measure EDA. This paper also contributes knowledge about some wearable sensor technologies available in the market. Shimmer3GSR sensor may be better reliable to homogenous detecting electrodermal activity changes, as these have fewer anomalies among the respondents. However, we found some anomalies in signals from the Empatica E4 sensor, which we discuss in this work.

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“…In order to reduce these problems, several metallic materials for dry electrodes of sEMG acquisition have been proposed. Silver [10,11], copper [12], stainless-steel [10,13,14] stainless-steel coated with silicon nitride [15], brass [10,16], and gold [10,14] are some of the materials used. Although reports agree that the impedances of dry electrodes are larger than those of wet electrodes, some values are still appropriate for EMG acquisition and analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although reports agree that the impedances of dry electrodes are larger than those of wet electrodes, some values are still appropriate for EMG acquisition and analysis. For instance, Anusha et al [10] and Higashi et al [11] have reported that silver is a good material for dry electrodes. In another example, Yokus and Jur [17] compared the functionality of dry and wet electrodes during resting and movement, both connected to the same conventional acquisition system; they found that the recordings were similar during the resting phase, but dry electrodes showed higher noise during the motion phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has a limited sample rate of 200 kHz with 8-bit precision. Some other approaches in the fabrication of wearable electronics have been presented in the literature, for instance, conductive yarns [4], screen printing [6,7], photolithography [8], sputtering [10,11], elastic electronic boards [12], conductive polymers [21], inkjet printing [22], among others. In the literature, there are small-sized, high-cost ASICs for biopotential measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable Active Electrode for sEMG Monitoring Using Two-Channel Brass Dry Electrodes with Reduced Electronics

Ruvalcaba

Gutiérrez

Vera

et al. 2020

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Gel-based electrodes are employed to record sEMG signals for prolonged periods. These signals are used for the control of myoelectric prostheses, clinical analysis, or sports medicine. However, when the gel dries, the electrode-skin impedance increases considerably. Using dry active electrodes (AEs) to compensate variations of impedance is an alternative for long-term recording. This work describes the optimization of the electronic design of a conventional AE by removing the impedance coupling stage and two filters. The proposed work consisted of 5 stages: electrodes, amplification (X250), 2.2 Vdc offset, low-pass filter, and ADC with USART communication. The device did not need the use of electrolytic gel. The measurements of CMRR (96 dB), amplitude of the output sEMG signal (∼1.6 Vp-p), and system bandwidth (15–450 Hz) were performed in order to confirm the reliability of the device as an sEMG signal acquisition system. The SNR values from seven movements performed by eleven volunteers were compared in order to measure the repeatability of the measurements (average 30.32 dB for a wrist flexion). The SNR for wrist flexion measured with the proposed and the commercial system was compared; the values were 49 dB and 60 dB, respectively.

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Dry Electrode Optimization for Wrist-based Electrodermal Activity Monitoring

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

An Observational Study With the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®) in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

An Observational Study With the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®) in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Correlation Analysis of Different Measurement Places of Galvanic Skin Response in Test Groups Facing Valence and Arousal Changes

Wearable Active Electrode for sEMG Monitoring Using Two-Channel Brass Dry Electrodes with Reduced Electronics

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