Dry Eyes, Vision Problems, and Psychiatric Symptoms: Are We Missing Something?

Abstract

Problemi vida i patologija oka često su u komorbiditetu s psihijatrijskim stanjima. Ovaj rad pruža pregled dostupnih istraživanja o takvim vezama i podiže osviješćenost o mogućem značenju i učincima različitih očnih simptoma i oštećenja vida na psihijatrijska stanja i psihičke simptome. Dodatno, psihološke karakteristike i psihijatrijska stanja razmatraju se kao mogući uzroci problema oka i vida. Većina istraživanja otkriva povezanost između problema oka i vida s psihijatrijskim stanjima i psihičkim smetnjama. Blaži oftalmološki problemi najčešće su povezani s poremećajima raspoloženja, a manje s ostalim psihijatrijskim stanjima. Ozbiljni oftalmološki problemi, poput gubitka oštrine vida, povećavaju rizik za reaktivnu depresiju. Manji broj istraživanja potvrđuje vezu između psihotičnih poremećaja i vida, koja uglavnom mijenja vidnu percepciju. Zaključno, razmotrene su moguće interakcije i odnosi između psihijatrijskih stanja i problema oka i vida te preporuke za buduća istraživanja. U preporukama za usmjeravanje i zbrinjavanje pacijenata naglašen je holistički pristup u tretmanu pacijenata. / Vision problems and eye pathology are often comorbid with psychiatric conditions. This paper provides a review of available studies about these associations and raises awareness on possible causes and impacts of different eye symptoms and vision impairment on psychiatric states and psychological symptoms. Additionally, psychological characteristics and psychiatric conditions are considered as a possible cause of eye and vision-related problems. Most of the studies found an association of eye and vision problems with psychiatric conditions and psychological disturbances. Ophthalmic problems of a milder nature are mostly associated with mood disorders and less commonly with other psychiatric conditions. Serious eye conditions, like a loss of visual acuity, increase the risk for reactive depression. Fewer studies presented a connection between psychotic disorders and vision, which mostly alters visual perception. In the concluding section, possible interactions and relationships between psychiatric conditions and eye and vision problems are presented, along with recommendations for future research. The importance of holistic professional care in patient treatment is particularly emphasized in the recommendations for patient management.

Experts’ perspectives on the impact of visual impairment and comorbid mental disorders on functioning in essential life domains

“…Mental disorders (MDs), e.g. mood disorders [ 7 ], developmental disorders [ 8 ], psychotic disorders [ 9 , 10 ] and personality disorders [ 11 ] sometimes coexist in people with VI and may exacerbate perceived disability. Various directional hypotheses for the relationship between VI and MDs have been proposed.…”

Experts’ perspectives on the impact of visual impairment and comorbid mental disorders on functioning in essential life domains

“…Mental disorders (MDs), e.g. mood disorders (7), developmental disorders (8), psychotic disorders (9,10) and personality disorders (11) sometimes coexist in people with VI and may exacerbate perceived disability. Various directional hypotheses for the relationship between VI and MDs have been proposed.…”