Dry Matter Accumulation, Mineral Concentrations, and Nutrient Distribution in Winter Wheat¹

Abstract

Some winter crops sown in no-tillage system can represent an important alternative to nutrient cycling. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of dry matter (DM) and accumulation of nutrients for winter cultivation in the West of Paraná. The experimental design was a randomized block, with four treatments and six replications. The treatments were represented by four different winter crops (oat IPR 126, crambe FMS Brilhante, radish common cultivar and wheat BRS Taruma), and the DM, the contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg and C/N ratio in DM and nutrients accumulation were determied The dry matter production was higher for radish with 4.929,14 kg ha-1. The different winter crops used influenced the contents of C, N and C/N ratio. The other studied characteristics were not influenced. Among the four winter cultivation the radish presented larger production of dry matter. The chemical composition was influenced by the cultivations, the contents of C, N and C/N ratio, consequently in the contribution differentiated in the area. The winter cultivation in the studied conditions influences the accumulation of magnesium.

Photosynthetic productivity of two winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…RUBISCO), supply with the required N is crucial for the wheat yield and quality (Vukadinoviae and Tekliae 1988). Karlen and Whitney (1990) found lower N concentration in wheat in the vegetation period, a relatively constant Mg concentration and a significant increase of the total dry matter. Significant difference in chloroplast pigments (a, b, carotenoids) between the two wheat varieties, depending on N fertilization, was obtained by Vukadinoviae and Tekliae (1987).…”

Seasonal Biomass Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake of Canola, Mustard, and Flax on a Black Chernozem Soil in Saskatchewan

“…Therefore, the more nutrient that is lost the less there is to be translocated to filling seeds. Finally, the partitioning of nutrients between vegetative and reproductive parts is a dominant factor, which can be reflected by nutrient harvest index, and increased nutrient harvest index usually means more nutrients have been translocated to seed during late growing season (Karlen and Whitney, 1980;Rodriguez et al, 1990).…”

“…Very high correlations between biomass and seed yield were found in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), indicating that plant size was the major component of seed yield per plant, through increased number of secondary and tertiary racemes and pods (Campbell and Kondra, 1978). However, amounts and distribution patterns of biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of crops are influenced by growth stage (Lal et al, 1978;Karlen and Whitney, 1980), as well as by species/cultivars and soil-climatic conditions (Gawronska and Nalborczyk, 1989). Compared to B. rapa, B. napus cultivars were shown to have greater seed yield, plant growth rate from seeding to flowering, dry weight fifteen days after first flower, and longer stem elongation, and seed formation periods, but similar harvest index and lower leaf emergence rate during all growth periods.…”

Assimilation and Translocation of Dry Matter and Phosphorus in Rice Genotypes Affected by Salt-Alkaline Stress

“…The dry matter and phosphorus assimilation, distribution and translocation also dynamically change in different crop parts, and during different development stages and stress conditions. Karlen and Whitney [16] demonstrated that the phosphorus concentration alone decreased in the growth of winter wheat in whole plants. Strategies for improving the phosphorus efficiency of crops under stress environments were also observed.…”