Dry Season Prevalence of Bovine African Trypanosomosis in parts of Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

Idehen, C.O.; B, olarinde Obaloto O; Opabunmi, oluwaseun Ruth; Olaleye, O. O.; G, Grace Abongaby; Aluma, Lydia A; Gbadamosi, Folawiyo I; Ikyase, Caleb T

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2019.9614.1064

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It occupies a land mass of 1682 km 2 and population of 178,454 people based on the 2006 census (Ayinya et al, 2018). The major occupation of the residents is livestock and crop production (Idehen et al, 2019). The commonly kept livestock are cattle, sheep and goats.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Atai¹,

Olaolu²,

Adole³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a severe viral transboundary disease of mostly cattle caused by LSD Virus (LSDV). This epidemiological survey of LSD amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos Local Government Area (LGA) of North Central Nigeria was carried out in 2019 as a response to farmers’ reports of repeated outbreaks of LSD in their herds of cattle. A focused group discussion with cattle farmers purposefully selected was used for the disease investigation and data collection. Twelve skin scab samples were collected from suspected cases within the study area. The viral attachment protein gene of the LSDV was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Analysis of the focus group discussion revealed that all farmers interviewed practiced extensive farm management system and claimed that their animals shared same communal water points and grazing area. Furthermore, 47% (7/15) of the farmers have experienced LSD twice in their herds, while 27% (4/15) have had the outbreak thrice on their farms. The morbidity rates of LSD were 3% – 49% and mortality rates were 1% – 6%. Sixty percent of farmers claimed that incidence of LSD is related to season of the year. All farmers sell off their sick animals in the livestock market and confirmed LSD affects market price of their animals. PCR results revealed that in 91.6% (11/12) samples analysed, LSDV was detected. This study confirms LSD outbreaks based on PCR result and clinical signs and symptoms in Butura, Daffo and Kunduk of Bokkos LGA, North Central Nigeria.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Atai¹,

Olaolu²,

Adole³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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“…The 5 mL of blood collected in the EDTA bottle was subjected to diagnostic techniques of the standard trypanosome detection methods [31]; wet film, thin film, thick film, and concentration techniques, hematocrit centrifugation techniques [32], and buffy coat method [33]. Furthermore, the PCV of all animals was recorded using the microhematocrit method.…”

Section: Parasitological Diagnosis and Packed Cell Volume (Pcv) Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genital lesions in cows naturally infected with trypanosomes in Abuja, Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Different species of trypanosomes have been reported to cause varying degrees of reproductive disorders in pregnant and non-pregnant animals under experimental infections. Information on reproductive disorders and losses in animals naturally infected with trypanosome species are few. This study was carried out to assess the abnormalities in the genital organs (ovaries, oviduct, uterus, cervix, and vagina) of female cattle naturally infected with trypanosomes in and around Abuja, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Cows showing signs such as emaciation, weakness, or anemia were selected and examined at Gwagwalada and Karu abattoirs, respectively. Venous blood samples were taken from 108 of such animals and screened using standard trypanosome detection methods. The genital organs were also collected and inspected for gross and histopathological lesions in the laboratory. Results: Six (5.55%) out of the 108 animals were positive for trypanosomes; 4 (66.7%) were infected with Trypanosoma vivax and 2 (33.3%) were infected with Trypanosoma congolense. The mean packed cell volume of the infected animals was 22.83%. Grossly, congestion and ecchymotic hemorrhages were observed in the endometrium, myometrium, and cervical submucosa. Mucometra, hydrometra, and pyometra were also seen in the uterus. Histologically, necrosis of the epithelium and endometrial glands accompanied by mononuclear cellular infiltration was observed in the uterus. There was also sloughing of the endometrial epithelium, vascular congestion, and hypertrophy of serosa of the uterus. There was atropy of the granulosa cells, increased numbers of degenerating tertiary follicles, and absence of corpora lutea in the ovary. No gross or histopathological lesions were observed in the fallopian tube and vagina. Conclusion: The lesions observed were restricted to the uterus and ovary of the animals and were less severe when compared to lesions observed under experimental conditions as reported by previous authors.

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Molecular Detection and Characterization of Trypanosomes Infecting Traditionally Managed Cattle in the Tropic Warm Sub-Humid Zone of Nigeria

et al. 2022

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Traditionally managed cattle constitutes the main source of animal protein to humans in Nigeria. However, seasonal migration in search of pasture exposes them to several vector-borne infections such as the African Animal Trypanosomosis (AAT), which limits their productivity. In this study, blood samples from 130 cattle in Plateau and Nasarawa states collected from May to June, 2021 were examined by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods to determine the prevalence of pathogenic trypanosomes. Overall, the DNA of T. vivax was detected in 19 out of the 130 (14.6 %) samples examined by the PCR. However, using the micro-hematocrit centrifugation technique, motile haemoparasites were detected in only six (4.6 %, confidence interval [CI] 0.5—6.9 %) of the samples. The higher prevalence of T. vivax was recorded in samples sourced from the abattoir than in samples submitted from the field in Plateau state (16.7 % versus 11.5 %). However, the reverse was the case in Nasarawa state (2.9 % versus 37.5 %). The difference in prevalence of T. vivax between the abattoir and field samples was significant (P = 0.009) in Nasarawa state, but not in Plateau state (P = 0.55). The mean PCV (Packed Cell Volume) of the trypanosome infected animals was lower than that of the non-infected animals, but the difference was not significant (P = 0.29). The internal transcribe spacer region (ITS) nucleotide sequences of T. vivax generated in this study were 100 % identical to each other and formed a monophyletic cluster with the sequences of T. vivax from different countries in the GenBank. AAT remains a major constraint to profitable cattle production and food security in Nigeria and deserves more attention.

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Dry Season Prevalence of Bovine African Trypanosomosis in parts of Bokkos Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Epidemiological features of lumpy skin disease outbreaks amongst herds of cattle in Bokkos, north-central Nigeria

Genital lesions in cows naturally infected with trypanosomes in Abuja, Nigeria

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Trypanosomes Infecting Traditionally Managed Cattle in the Tropic Warm Sub-Humid Zone of Nigeria

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