Drying timber in a solar kiln using an intermittent drying schedule of conventional laboratory kiln

Phonetip, Khamtan; Brodie, Graham; Ozarska, Barbara; Belleville, Benoît

doi:10.1080/07373937.2018.1496337

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Table 5 shows the initial and final temperatures and the drying potential, which were estimated using Equation 4, Equation 5, Equation 6, and compares the UM and the SM in tests at 100 °C for clones 58 and GG100, respectively. IT and FT mean values in Table 5 are similar to those reported in the literature by Brandão et al (1989), Barbosa et al (2005), Eleotério et al (2015), Batista et al (2015), Kang et al (2015), Tari et al (2015), Phonetip et al (2018a) and Phonetip et al (2018b), in which IT ranged from 39 °C to 49 °C and FT ranged from 62 °C to 76 °C. However, the mean DP presented in Table 5 was lower to the related by these authors (ranged from 2,0 to 2,7), which may be a disadvantage regarding the drying time.…”

Section: Estimates Of Parameters Of Drying Schedulessupporting

confidence: 87%

Changing the calculated surface area of wood samples to define drying schedules for Eucalyptus clones

Maria

Calegário

Soares

et al. 2022

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The aim of this study was to determine how varying the inputted surface area value of wood samples would affect the determination of kiln-drying schedules using the drastic drying test. For this purpose, eight individuals of two Eucalyptus clones were selected. Specimens were obtained for drastic drying tests at 100 °C, to measure the basic density and to determine the initial moisture content. The initial and final temperatures and the drying potential were calculated in 100 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm samples, considering the surface area to be 130 cm² (Updated Method), in contrast to the surface area of 100 cm² that is commonly used in the method known as the Standard Method. Based on these findings, kiln-drying schedules were set for the lumber from each clone. Although the significant differences aforementioned, it was observed that the drying schedules developed by Standard Method and Updated Method are similar.

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Section: Estimates Of Parameters Of Drying Schedulessupporting

confidence: 87%

Changing the calculated surface area of wood samples to define drying schedules for Eucalyptus clones

Maria

Calegário

Soares

et al. 2022

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…Figure 4 shows that the mean minimum temperature inside the drying compartment was 25 °C ±1 at 6 am, and the mean maximum temperature was 41 °C ±5 at 2 pm. This means that the maximum temperature was 46 °C, which approximately reached the results (47 °C) from a previous study that used a recharge and discharge curve model [12], while the maximum ambient temperature was found to be 35 °C [13]. Since the drying unit did not have a supplemental heating supply, the only way the heat came was from the black plastic that was stored at the bottom of the teak tree inside the compartment (Figure 1).…”

Section: Drying Conditionssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A 2 m 3 greenhouse type solar kiln (Solarkilns Pty Ltd, Kilsyth, VIC, Australia) has been used in Melbourne, Australia [1][2][3]. The kiln came with 2 layers of plastic cover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was suggested that tropical latitude has high solar radiation [4] and the prediction of temperature in Vientiane (Laos) using a recharge and discharge curve model found that the maximum temperature could reach 47 °C at 2 pm [1]. In addition, the lowest ambient equilibrium moisture content (EMC) in Vientiane was around 11 -12 % from December to March, and 14 % for April [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drying a Standing Teak Tree using a Solar Kiln Drying Method

Phonetip

Boupha

Phanouvong

et al. 2021

Walailak J Sci & Tech

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Understanding the rate of drying of standing trees dried by using a solar kiln drying method could help in predicting the change of moisture content in the tree over a period of drying time. The purpose of this study was to observe the change of moisture content profile in a standing tree during drying. A standing Tectona grandis tree was selected for the experiment with a diameter at breast height of 29 cm in a mixed-species plantation. The tree was girdled with 20 cm width at 20cm above ground. For the experiment, the tree was wrapped in a transparent plastic sheet and a black plastic sheet was installed at the bottom with an angle of 39 °C facing Southwest to maximize solar radiation, with the method being modified from the solar kiln method, which is known as a greenhouse type, with 2 layers of plastic cover. The black and white sheets were placed on the inner side for insulation and for collecting heat from the sun’s radiation, while the outer layer was transparent, which allowed radiation to propagate unhindered in the black sheet. In this study, a sensor for temperature and relative humidity (DHT22) was attached inside the wrapped plastic and the data recorded every 6 min. The results showed that drying a standing teak tree from an initial average moisture content of 105 % to a constant point of 60 % took 80 days under the maximum of the collected temperature of 46 °C inside the wrapped plastic; this finding confirmed that the predicted model of recharge and discharge curve was likely accurate.

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“…However, CKD has some drawbacks, such as a long drying cycle, high drying stress, and environmental pollution. Many scholars also use special drying methods to dry eucalypti, such as vacuum drying, microwave drying, freeze-drying, and solar drying [5][6][7][8]. Compared with the mentioned above drying methods, supercritical CO 2 drying (SCD) has the advantages of fast drying rate, environmental protection, and simple operation [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drying Characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis with Supercritical CO2

et al. 2020

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Supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) is a drying medium with excellent solubility and mass transfer efficiency. Supercritical CO2 drying (SCD) can remove the water of wood rapidly and prevent a change of microstructure caused by capillary tension in the drying process. In this study, Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis specimens with lengths of 50 and 100 mm were dried with ScCO2. Conventional kiln drying (CKD) and oven-drying (OD) were used as control. After 1 h, the drying rate, shrinkage, moisture distribution, drying stress were measured to explore the influence of drying methods and specimen length for drying characteristics during the early drying stage. The results showed that compared with CKD and OD, water removal was the fastest under SCD, and the drying rate was nine times of CKD and one time of OD. The shrinkage of SCD was the lowest among the three drying methods. Moisture distribution of SCD and OD was uneven. The drying stress of SCD was relatively high, the drying stress index of it was almost five times of CKD and three times of OD. Regardless of the drying method, shorter specimens had a shorter drying period but greater drying defects than the long specimens.

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Drying timber in a solar kiln using an intermittent drying schedule of conventional laboratory kiln

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Changing the calculated surface area of wood samples to define drying schedules for Eucalyptus clones

Changing the calculated surface area of wood samples to define drying schedules for Eucalyptus clones

Drying a Standing Teak Tree using a Solar Kiln Drying Method

Drying Characteristics of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis with Supercritical CO2

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