DSM‐III symptom disorders (Axis I) and personality disorders (Axis II) in an outpatient population

Alnæs, Randolf; Torgersen, Svenn

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb06346.x

Cited by 137 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…The high prevalence of PD in the community sample (54.4 %) as compared to the prevalence reported in literature (7-15 %) (Johnson et al, 2008;Adel et al, 2006;Zimmerman et al, 2005) is quite concerning and requires further research. On the other hand, the prevalence rate of PD in the clinical sample (61 %) is in line with other research in the area (Zimmerman et al, 2008;Alnaes & Torgersen, 1988). The absence of gender differences is in line with the study of Torgersen et al (2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The prevalence of personality disorders in the general population varies from 7 to 15 % (Johnson et al, 2008;Adel et al, 2006;Zimmerman et al, 2005). Conversely the outpatient population shows a prevalence from 50 % to 80 % (Zimmerman et al, 2008;Alnaes & Torgersen, 1988). Finally for inpatients values as high as 70 % are reported (Thuo et al, 2008;Adel et al, 2006;Zimmerman et al, 2005) and in forensic setting (Adel et al, 2006;Zimmerman et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A brief screening for personality disorders: Clinical and one nonclinical sample

Shkembi¹,

Melonashi²,

Fanaj³

2015

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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Brief screening instruments for personality disorders could potentially have great value in community and clinical settings.This is a correlational study. One purposeful community sample (N=399; 299 teachers of primary and secondary schools in Pristina and 100 students of the European University of Tirana) and one clinical sample (N=41; patients of one private clinic) filled out the IIP-PD-25 questionnaire 1996). They were randomly selected. All data was analyzed by SPSS 21 and Excel 2007.PD index screen resulted with Personality Disorder definite score 29.2% of community sample (12.5 % male vs. 16.7 % females) vs. 43.9 % of clinical sample (7.3 % male vs. 36.6 % females). Age (youngest) and residence (urban) showed significant negative correlations only for the community sample. Mann-Whitney U test did not find statistically significant differences regarding levels of PD screen index based on gender in the both samples; the same case was for differences regarding levels of PD screen index between community and clinical samples, despite the higher levels in the clinical sample. Clinical cases showed significantly higher score for the following dimensions of interpersonal sensitivity, aggression, needs for social approval and lack of sociability. Only in the case of interpersonal ambivalence, the community sample scored higher. * Corresponding author. Tel: +0-000-000-0000; fax: +0-000-000-0000, E-mail address: fleurashkembi@gmail.com http: //dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2015.01.13 eISSN: 2301-2811 responsibility of the Organizing Committee of the conference 115Screening with the IIP-PD-25 resulted in a high prevalence of Personality Disorders in both our samples. Personality disorders often cause problems for others and pose a great social cost; early screening, identification and treatment represents a highly valued public health topic to be addressed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief screening for personality disorders: Clinical and one nonclinical sample

Shkembi¹,

Melonashi²,

Fanaj³

2015

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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“…The high index of diagnostic suspicion has led to referrals by the general medical clinic (Olssøn, Sørebø, & Dahl, 2011), which is consistent with the frequent diagnosis of PDs in outpatient psychiatric clinics (Zimmerman, Chelminski, & Young, 2008;Alnaes & Torgersen, 1988), in outpatients (around 50%; Beckwith, Moran, & Reilly, 2014), and the frequent comorbidity of PDs with other psychiatric disorders, leading to an increased severity of the medical conditions (Hayward, & Moran, 2008;Links, & Eynan, 2013;Zimmerman, Rothschild, & Chelminski 2005), being also associated with risk of suicide (Cailhol et al 2008;Lovato, 2011;Mergui, Raveh, Gropp, Golmard, & Jaworowski, 2014;Rodriguez et al, 2016;Samuels, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Carvalho

Pianowski

Reis

2017

Psicol. cienc. prof.

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Abstract:The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering the prevalence rates in the general population. Tests assessing the typical pathological traits of these disorders has been adapted to and developed in Brazil. However, there is a gap in the country of screening tools for personality disorders. Screening tools are designed to allow a fast and informative application on the likelihood of a positive diagnosis, where the consequence should be conveyed to a diagnostic assessment. Using as a base the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP), developed at the national level, the objective of this research was to develop a screening tool for personality disorders, as well as investigate its diagnostic accuracy. The study included 1,196 people, aging between 18 and 73 years (M = 26.32, SD = 8.69), and 64.1% female. The sample was divided into clinical and non-clinical group. We used an empirical approach based on criteria for selection of items similar to those adopted in the development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was used (MMPI). The logistic regression analysis and also the calculation of Cohen´s d indicated the items that best discriminate against people with personality disorders and those without this diagnosis. We achieved a final set of 15 items with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for screening test. We discusses the strengths and limitations of screening version of the IDCP and guidelines for further study.

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“…A este respecto destacamos que distintos estudios informan de que los pacientes con TPA parecen mostrar porcentajes más elevados de TPe comparados con los pacientes con TP (Iketani et al, 2002), concretamente, en TPe Evitativo (Alnaes y Torgersen, 1988a, 1988bIketani et al, 2002). Este resultado coincide con el obtenido en nuestro estudio de revisión (Tabla 1).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Según nuestra revisión, desde el enfoque de personalidad clínico, los pacientes con TP obtienen mayores porcentajes de casos en el TPe Obsesivo-compulsivo del Cluster C y en el TPe Paranoide del Cluster A, sin embargo, los pacientes con TPA obtienen porcentajes mayores en el TPe Evitativo y Dependiente del Cluster C, en todos los TPe del Cluster B y en los TPe Esquizoide y Esquizotípico. Estos resultados coinciden, con los obtenidos por otros autores (Alnaes y Torgersen, 1988a;Alnaes y Torgersen, 1988b;Alnaes y Torgersen, 1990;Iketani et al, 2002;Mavissakalian y Hamman, 1988).…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Personalidad y Trastorno de Pánico: Un estudio de revisión

2014

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Resumen: A través de este trabajo ofreceremos una revisión exhaustiva de las aportaciones científicas que se han realizado en las últimas tres décadas sobre la influencia de la personalidad en aspectos clínicos y psicopatológi-cos del Trastorno de pánico (TP), con o sin agorafobia (AG). Los resultados que expondremos serán representativos de dos modelos distintos de evaluación y estudio de la personalidad, el modelo de personalidad clínico y el modelo de personalidad normal. Desde ambas perspectivas, parece existir suficiente evidencia para asociar las dimensiones y rasgos patológicos de personalidad más relacionados con la emocionabilidad negativa y la desregulación emocional con el TP, con o sin AG. Entre las variables de vulnerabilidad identificadas en relación a la mayor probabilidad de inicio y mantenimiento del TP destacan: patrones familiares específicos de educación y crianza, la inhibición conductual, la sensibilididad a la ansiedad, y, más recientemente, la percepción de control de la ansiedad. Desde una perspectiva clínica es muy relevante la identificación de estos factores de vulnerabilidad psicopatológica puesto que abren la puerta al diseño e implementación de programas de promoción, prevención y tratamiento que se dirijan específicamente a los procesos psicológicos alterados y mitiguen, con mayor rapidez y eficacia, el sufrimiento de las personas que padecen estas patologías. Palabras clave: Personalidad; trastorno de pánico; revisión; agorafobia; trastornos de la personalidad; factores de riesgo.Title: Personality and panic disorder: a review. Abstract: In this work we offer a comprehensive review of the scientific contributions that have been made in the last three decades on the influence of personality in the psychopathology of panic disorder (PD) with or without agoraphobia (AG). The findings that are discussed are representative of two different theoretical models in the assessment and the study of personality, the clinical approach to personality and the dimensional approach to personality. From both perspectives, there is sufficient evidence to associate the personality factors and the pathological personality traits more related to negative emotionality and emotional dysregulation with PD, with or without AG. Among the vulnerability factors identified in relation to the onset of PD and the maintenance of its symptoms are: specific family and education patterns, behavioral inhibition, anxiety sensitivity, and, more recently, the perception of anxiety control. From a clinical perspective it is very important to identify these psychopathological vulnerabilities in order to design and implement promotion, prevention and treatment programs that specifically target the disordered psychological processes and reduce, more quickly and effectively, the suffering of people with these conditions.

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DSM‐III symptom disorders (Axis I) and personality disorders (Axis II) in an outpatient population

Cited by 137 publications

References 14 publications

A brief screening for personality disorders: Clinical and one nonclinical sample

A brief screening for personality disorders: Clinical and one nonclinical sample

Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Personalidad y Trastorno de Pánico: Un estudio de revisión

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