Du patronat colonial au patronat impérial

Klein, Jean-François

doi:10.3917/vin.114.0067

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As Foucault (1995) stated, 'visibility is a trap ' (p. 200). As it did with nursing (Holmes et al, 2008) and physiotherapy (Nicholls, 2021), the biomedical model embarked on the 'imperial' patronage of occupational therapy (Klein, 2012), with the same objective to territorialise it, that is, control who enters and leaves the field of health sciences. Unless they could provide evidence of their effectiveness, occupational therapists would be asked to abandon arts-and-crafts activities as these would not conform to fixed, predefined norms that only the biomedical model could determine (Bissell and Mailloux, 1981), drawing on a dominant post-positivist paradigm (Taff and Balubal, 2021).…”

Section: The Imperial Patronage Of Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drawing on the work of poststructuralist philosophers Deleuze and Guattari, our aim in this article is to critically appraise the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy knowledge and practice, while demonstrating how this process represents a form of ‘imperial’ patronage ( Klein, 2012 ), which must be resisted for the future of this discipline. Such a critical appraisal requires deconstructing some of this profession’s most taken-for-granted assumptions, thereby negating aspects assumed to be ‘good’ and ‘natural’, which might run counter to the professional imperative to be positive ( Nicholls, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From domestication to imperial patronage: Deconstructing the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy

Turcotte

Holmes

2021

Health (London)

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Occupational therapy knowledge emerged in the 19th century as reformist movements responded to the industrialisation of society and capitalist expansion. In the Global North, it was institutionalised by State apparatuses during the First and Second World Wars. Although biomedicine contributed to the rapid expansion and establishment of occupational therapy as a health discipline, its domestication by the biomedical model led to an overly regulated profession that betrays its reformist ideals. Drawing on the work of Deleuze and Guattari, our aim in this article is to deconstruct the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy and demonstrate how resistance to this process is critical for the future of this discipline. The use of arts and crafts in occupational therapy may be conceptualised as a ‘nomad science’ aesthetically resisting the domination of industrialism and medical reductionism. Through the war efforts, a coalition of progressive nurses, social workers, teachers, artisans and activists metamorphosed into occupational therapists. As it did with nursing, biomedicine proceeded to domesticate occupational therapy through a form of ‘imperial’ patronage subsequently embodied in the evidence-based movement. ‘Occupational’ jargon is widely used today and may be viewed as the product of a profession trying to establish itself as an autonomous discipline that imposes its own regime of truth. Given the symbolic violence underlying this patronage, the future of occupational therapy should not mean behaving according to biomedicine’s terms. As a discipline, occupational therapy must resist the appropriation of its ‘war machine’ and craft its own terms through the release of new creative energy.

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Section: The Imperial Patronage Of Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From domestication to imperial patronage: Deconstructing the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy

Turcotte

Holmes

2021

Health (London)

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“…This literature has been largely regenerated with works on colonial legislations (Merle 2004;Saada 2003) and others building on a comparative approach (El Mechat 2009;Steinmetz 2008). The most recent studies on the colonial Empire and its elites propose to study the colonial Empire through circulations rather than through its territories (Klein 2012;Laux et al 2009). Following these studies, we consider the Empire as a whole, and their governors as a plausibly distinct group.…”

Section: French Colonial Administration and Governorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attaining Autonomy in the Empire: French Governors between 1860 and 1960

Viallet-Thévenin

Chambru

2020

SSRN Journal

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This article builds on the concept of linked ecologies to present a study of the occupational careers of French colonial governors between 1830 and 1960. We consider empires as the by-product of social entities structuring themselves. Specifically, we analyse the process of empowerment of this emerging group with respect to other professional groups within the imperial space and the French metropolitan space. Using data on the career of 637 colonial governors between 1830 and 1960, we examine how variations in the recruitment of these high civil servants actually reflect the empowerment of this social entity. We rely on optimal matching technique to distinguish typical sequence models and identify ten common career trajectories that can be grouped in four main clusters. We further compare the share of each clusters in the population of governors over time and show that the rise of the colonial cluster during the Interwar period corresponded to the peak of the administrative autonomy in the colonial space. We argue that this process is consistent with the empowerment of the governors' corps, which is embodied by a common career within the colonial administration and a collective identity as a group.

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Industrialiser l’Indochine (1898–1900)?:Entre “petite patrie” lyonnaise et réseaux à l’échelle du monde

Klein

2016

French Colonial History

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The mooring of the Third French Republic, at the beginning of the 1880s, depended as much on the will of the Opportunistes—for the most part men linked to Gambetta—as on the Modérés, given that colonial expansionism represented a neutral terrain on which these men could meet. The local level, that of the petites patries, here Lyon, provides a methodological space to attempt to understand how this République des hommes d’affaires, to use Jean Garigue’s expression, constructed both the French Imperial project and the way to run this project. It allows us also to understand how the liberal lyonnaises elites—mercantile, industrial, and financial—played a role in shaping its economic implantation in Indochina, particularly in Tonkin and Annam. At the turn of the century, a small nebula of patrons and local politiques, of national and imperial dimension, gathered around Ulysse Pila—the Lyonnais paragon of colonization in East Asia and Southeast Asia—played a crucial role in the first phase of Indochinese industrialization. Their dynamism reveals a play which can be read on three levels: local (Lyon/Tonkin), national (France/Indochina), and international (Colonial empire/East Asia and Southeast Asia). More than a mere form of municipal imperialism, their commitment, both financial and ideological, allows the elucidation of a constructive network of the French patronat, on the eve of the Belle Époque.

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Du patronat colonial au patronat impérial

Cited by 3 publications

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From domestication to imperial patronage: Deconstructing the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy

From domestication to imperial patronage: Deconstructing the biomedicalisation of occupational therapy

Attaining Autonomy in the Empire: French Governors between 1860 and 1960

Industrialiser l’Indochine (1898–1900)?:Entre “petite patrie” lyonnaise et réseaux à l’échelle du monde

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