Dual active site tandem catalysis of metal hydroxyl oxides and single atoms for boosting oxygen evolution reaction

Nurturing the marriages of single atoms with atomic clusters and nanoparticles for better heterogeneous electrocatalysis

“…Besides, a Cu‐based tandem catalyst has been proposed by Cao et al [ 104 ] when they combined Ni single‐atom catalysts with Cu nanoparticles to synergize the CO 2 reduction into C 2 H 4 . Another similar tandem OER catalytic mechanism was proposed by Cao et al, [ 105 ] where their isolated NiC 4 sites and Fe‐NiOOH nanoparticles were embedded on carbon black powder through the strategy of physical adsorption metal ions (PAMI). In addition, the tandem synergy may not apply to those few‐electron electrocatalytic reactions, such as HER.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 105 ] Copyright 2021, Elsevier, Inc. (J) Localized electric field distribution of Pt SA ‐NiO/Ni. (K) The projected density of states of Pt SA ‐NiO/Ni and NiO/Ni.…”

Ultra-small Ru nanoparticles embedded on Fe–Ni(OH)2 nanosheets for efficient water splitting at a large current density with long-term stability of 680 hours

“…18,19 However, the complexity of the composition and structure increases the difficulty of active site identification, so employing a facile method to prepare bifunctional catalysts equipped with well-defined active sites is crucial. NiFe metal oxide/hydroxide/oxyhydroxide have been extensively considered as the optimal metal combination to effectively catalyze the OER and our previous research demonstrated that NiFe hydroxide can be prepared easily via a simple physical adsorption of metal ion method at room temperature, 20–22 but on the other hand, their HER activity is unimpressive. Recent results indicated that Ru (Ru–Ni SNs, 23 Ru–MoO 2 , 24 Ni 3 Co x @Ru HNS, 25 RuNi–NSs@PANI, 26 RuPt/OMC, 27 and Ru 1 @Co/NC 28 ) displays comparable HER activity with Pt/C, thanks to the optimal H adsorption free energy.…”

In situ reconstruction enhanced dual-site catalysis towards nitrate electroreduction to ammonia

“…Very recently, dual-site and multi-site catalysts have been well explored for the HER, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR). [33][34][35][36] It has been proposed that the synergy of various active sites may be benecial for the electrochemical process with multiple elementary steps. Nevertheless, dual or multi-site catalysts remain less explored for e-NRA.…”