Dual-Band Uniaxial Dielectric Anisotropy Sensor Using Coupled-Line Resonators

Abstract

In this paper, a new dual-band sensor to measure uniaxial anisotropy at two frequency bands is proposed. This sensor is composed of two dual-mode resonators separated by a T-shaped structure implemented in microstrip technology. The configuration of vertical and horizontal electric field lines for the two resonance modes allows for the characterization of a uniaxial anisotropic sample placed on top of the sensor. The resonance frequencies of different modes are separated using active S-parameters measured at the input port. They are subsequently used in the space mapping process to extract the dielectric constants of the sample in two directions, parallel and normal to the surface of the sensor, by means of electromagnetic analyses. The sensor is used to extract the dielectric constants of anisotropic FR4, RO4003C, and RO3010 samples at 2.4 and 3.4 GHz. An isotropic PTFE sample is also characterized to verify the reliability of the proposed method. Two single-band sensors are also implemented to measure RO3010 sample and the extracted dielectric constants are compared to those resulted from the proposed dual-band sensor.

Inclination Sensor With a Wide Angle Measurement Range Using Half-Wavelength Microstrip Resonator

“…Half-wavelength resonators have been used in several dierent microwave sensors [15] [18]. They are used to implement an inclination sensor in this work.…”

Two-Dimensional Inclinometer/Tilt Sensor With a Large Dynamic Range Utilizing Half-Wavelength Microstrip Resonator

“…I NCLINOMETERS measure the angular deviation of a surface or system from a reference plane, indicating the degree of inclination. In recent times, the demand for inclination sensors has significantly increased across a wide range of applications, including construction, mining, geotechnical and geological monitoring, navigation systems, robotics, and industrial automation [1]- [5]. Currently, there is a wide range of commercial inclinometers available for these applications.…”

“…Over the past few years, there have been numerous reports and advancements in the field of electromagnetic and optical inclinometers [1]- [12]. However, the majority of these inclinometers are limited to measuring the inclination along a single known axis, and the sensor needs to be properly aligned with this axis.…”

“…Nevertheless, a drawback of this inclinometer is its bulkiness and limited angle measurements range. Other variations of electromagnetic-based inclinometers include capacitive inclinometers [19] and microstrip resonator-based inclinometers [1], [20]. However, to date, there have been no attempts to implement a 2-D inclinometer using these particular methods.…”

“…It is also more compact and lightweight compared to the previously discussed 2-D inclinometers that utilized optical or coaxial cable technology. The design of the proposed 2-D inclinometer is inspired by the inclinometer sensor presented in [1]. The proposed approach incorporates two angular half-wavelength microstrip resonators (HWMRs), each comprising a fixed component and a movable component that overlaps with it.…”