Dual-channel bistable switch based on a monolayer graphene nanoribbon nanoresonator coupled to a metal nanoparticle

Abstract

We theoretically propose a dual-channel bistable switch based on a monolayer Z-shaped graphene nanoribbon nanoresonator (NR) coupled to a metal nanoparticle (MNP). We show that the bistable nonlinear absorption response can be realized due to a competition and combination of the exciton-plasmon and exciton-phonon interactions. We map out two-dimensional and three-dimensional bistability phase diagrams, which reveal clearly the dynamical evolution of the roles played by these two interactions in managing optical bistability (OB) at all stages. Specifically, the bistable switch proposed can be controlled via a single channel or dual channels by only adjusting the intensity or frequency of the pump field. In/outside these channels, the switch will be turned on/off. The results obtained here not only can be employed to measure precisely the distance between the MNP and the NR but also provide promising applications in optical switching and optical storage.

Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Doubly Clamped Suspended Monolayer Graphene Nanoribbon Nanoresonator

“…In all the figures presented below, the frequency of the fundamental flexural phonon mode was taken equal to , and the decay rate of the nanoresonator was , with , which is considered to be a comparatively high quality factor [ 20 , 21 ]. The exciton decay and dephasing rates were and , respectively, as in [ 20 ].…”

“…The optical response of hybrid systems that make use of the interaction between different excitations, such as, for example, excitons from semiconductor quantum dots or molecules and plasmons from metallic nanoparticles, have attracted the interest of recent studies due to the enhanced nonlinear and quantum optical effects that the hybrid systems may offer, as compared to their uncoupled constituents [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Another important category of hybrid systems investigated for their enhanced nonlinear optical response are those emerging due to the coupling between excitons in quantum dots and phonons in nanoresonators [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In these latter studies, the quantum system was described as a two-level system interacting with a weak probe field that was also strongly pumped by a coherent coupling field.…”

“…The type of the nanoresonator that was used differed in the various studies; the quantum system was coupled to a suspended Z-shaped graphene nanoribbon [ 20 , 21 , 22 ], a carbon nanotube [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], a monolayer MoS2 suspended on a Si/SiO 2 substrate [ 26 ], or DNA molecules [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In these hybrid systems, the main nonlinear optical effects that have already been studied are the linear dispersion/absorption under coherent pump–probe excitation and the cross-Kerr nonlinearity under the action of a strong pump field.…”

“…Specifically, we analyzed the optical properties of a hybrid structure that was composed of a quantum dot and a doubly clamped suspended graphene nanoribbon nanoresonator, similar to that studied in [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Graphene-based nanomechanical resonators have been studied for over 15 years and have very interesting properties [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

An ultrafast and low-power slow light tuning mechanism for compact aperture-coupled disk resonators*

“…[6] The enhancement capability is large in accordance with the local electromagnetic (EM) field, and the typical diffraction limit caused by surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is solved; thus, a device based on the PIT effect can be used with a small footprint. [7] The PIT effects on plasmonic nanostructures have been demonstrated in many schemes, such as metamaterials, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] graphene structures, [15][16][17][18][19][20] metal nanowire grating-coupled dielectric waveguides, [21] and metal photonic crystals. [22] The metaldielectric-metal (MDM) plasmonic waveguide side-coupling cavity has elicited widespread attention because it can achieve on-chip PIT effects.…”