“…Recently, electrochemical sensors and biosensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their ability to detect selectively and sensitively a wide range of targets and in medical diagnosis and biomedical research, food control, environmental monitoring, forensics, drug discovery and etc. are of great importance [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] . Among the various biomolecules used to preparation of biosensing layers, aptamers have received much attention from researchers in recent years.…”
“…Recently, electrochemical sensors and biosensors have attracted a lot of attention due to their ability to detect selectively and sensitively a wide range of targets and in medical diagnosis and biomedical research, food control, environmental monitoring, forensics, drug discovery and etc. are of great importance [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] . Among the various biomolecules used to preparation of biosensing layers, aptamers have received much attention from researchers in recent years.…”
“…This outcome is due to the more active sites, decrease of overpotential and high surface area of the SDSMCNTPE. The active surface area of the operated electrochemical sensors was verified using the Randles–Sevcik equation [ 33 , 55 ], Fig. 7 CVs for 1.0 mM K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] in 0.1 M KCl on SDSMCNTPE and BCNTPE at the potential gap of 0.5 V–1.0 V with the scan rate of 0.1 V/s …”
Selective, sensitive, easy, and fast voltammetric techniques were developed for the analysis of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). These analysis were carried out at sodium dodecyl sulphate modified carbon nanotube paste electrode (SDSMCNTPE) using an aqueous 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution as supporting electrolyte. The field emission-scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used for material characterization. A minute quantity of the SDS surfactant was sufficient to convey an outstanding electrocatalytic action to the electrochemical oxidation nature of HCQ. The HCQ molecule parades only electrochemical oxidation (irreversible) with the transfer of two electrons. The detection of HCQ was carried out through CV method at SDSMCNTPE and bare carbon nanotube paste electrode (BCNTPE). The corresponding analytical curve offered a decent linear nature in the considered HCQ concentration range (10–40 µM) and the detection limit was found to be 0.85 µM. The significant peak to peak split-up was observed between HCQ and interferents with a decent sensitivity and stability. The SDSMCNTPE to be an approachable electrode for the usage in the examination of HCQ independently and in the presence of paracetamol (PC) and ascorbic acid (AA). Thus, they were used to determine HCQ in pharmaceutical formulations and the results that showed good agreement with comparative methods. Furthermore, a mechanism for HCQ electro-oxidation was proposed.
“…Electrochemical voltammetric methods are very promising for detecting VC in real samples. Here, some important works on developing sensors to detect VC in real samples using modified CPE will be presented [16][17][18][19].…”
Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Vitamin Cmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…G.K. Jayaprakash et al [16] used the cetylpyridinium modified CPE (CPMCPE) to sense VC using CV. First, the authors compared the effects of different cationic surfactants on the CPE and found that the active surface area of the electrode is higher when CPE is modified by cetylpyridinium surfactant.…”
Section: Electrochemical Sensors For Vitamin Cmentioning
This review article examines some advancements in electrochemical sensors for vitamin detection in the past few decades. Vitamins are micronutrients found in natural foods essential for maintaining good health. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by a body and must be obtained externally from natural food. Vitamins make a class of organic chemicals that shortage can cause various ailments and diseases, and consumption can become harmful if it exceeds the usually needed level. Because of these factors, vitamin detection has become highly significant and sparked interest over the past few decades. The electrochemical sensors function on the concept of electrochemical activity of practically all vitamins. This implies that concentrations of vitamins in the electrolyte may be detected by measuring the amounts of current generated at certain potentials by their oxidation and reduction at the working electrode surface. Voltammetric methods are superior to other methods because they are cheaper and show sharp sensitivity with faster analysis speed. The carbon-based electrodes, in particular carbon paste electrodes (CPE), have significant advantages like easier catalyst incorporation, surface renewability, and expanded potential windows with lower ohmic resistance. This review goes into detail about several electrochemical sensors involving CPE as the working electrode and its utilization to detect water- and fat-soluble vitamins.
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