Dual doping: An emerging strategy to construct efficient metal catalysts for water electrolysis

Abstract

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for water electrolysis is critical for sustainable hydrogen energy development. For enhancing the catalytic performance of metal catalysts, dual doping has attracted enormous interest for its high effectiveness and facile realization. Dual doping is effective for tuning the electronic properties, enhancing the electrical conductivity, populating active sites, and improving the stability of metal catalysts. In this review, recent developments in cation–cation, cation–anion, and anion–anion dual‐doped catalysts for water splitting are comprehensively summarized and discussed. An emphasis is put on illustrating how dual doping regulates the external and internal properties and boosts the catalytic performance of catalysts. Additionally, perspectives are pointed out to guide future research on engineering high‐performance heteroatom‐doped electrocatalysts.

Boosting Urea-Assisted Natural Seawater Electrolysis in 3D Leaf-Like Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheet Arrays Using Metal Node Engineering

“…Unfortunately, a trade-off dilemma between increased efficiency and decreased cost remains the major bottleneck for large-scale hydrogen production. Indeed, state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for water electrolysis with high efficiency generally consist of expensive and scarce noble metals, such as Pt, RuO2, and IrO 2 . − In sharp contrast, the activities of low-cost and earth-abundant transition metal-based catalysts, including metals, oxides, phosphides, chalcogenides, nitrides, and carbides, still fell short compared to precious metal catalysts. − Therefore, a rational design of cost-effective, efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis at the industrial level is required.…”

Ga and Ti co-doped CeO2 nanorod catalysts with enhanced activity towards the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

“…This has led to a further enhancement in the reaction activity for synthesizing DMC from methanol and CO 2 . 23 For example, Liu et al 24 reported on Zr-doped CeO 2 nanorods for DMC synthesis from methanol and CO 2 . They observed that Zr insertion into the lattice of CeO 2 formed a solid solution, facilitating the creation of more oxygen vacancies.…”