Dual Ectopic Thyroid Gland

Marković, Vinko; Glavina, Gordana; Eterović, Davor; Punda, Ante; Brdar, Dubravka

doi:10.1097/rlu.0000000000000415

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some of the localisations of ectopic thyroid, like intracranial, retrosternal, tracheal, oesophageal, pericardial, retroperitoneal, or pelvic, cannot be explained only by arrested migration of thyroid primordium during embryogenesis [1,22]. In a minority of subjects, as is the case in our Patient 3, dual thyroid ectopy is diagnosed [23,24], and such patients constitute only about 5% of cases of thyroid ectopy [16]. One patient with triple ectopia was also reported [25].…”

Section: Szkolenie Podyplomowementioning

confidence: 86%

Ektopia tarczycy — wyzwania diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne przed wprowadzeniem przesiewowego badania TSH noworodków i po nim

Szczepanek‐Parulska

Hernik

Ruchała

2017

Endokrynologia Polska

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Despite the fact that TSH screening in newborns is currently conducted in most developed countries, patients with thyroid ectopy born before the procedure was introduced or those in whom the screening failed to establish diagnosis, might still appear. In this paper we revise the current state of knowledge regarding the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with thyroid ectopy. As an example, we report diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in our three patients with thyroid ectopy remaining undiagnosed and untreated during early childhood. Introduction of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism does not guarantee that all patients with thyroid ectopy will be correctly diagnosed and properly treated, due to the possibility of falsely negative results of TSH screening or lack of compliance from parents. Visualisation of an ectopic thyroid on ultrasound examination may be challenging for unexperienced sonographers; muscles in the thyroid bed may be misdiagnosed as heterogeneous and hypoechogenic thyroid gland with features suggesting autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid scintiscan is crucial for confirmation of the diagnosis of thyroid ectopy.In conclusion, hypothyroidism due to thyroid developmental anomaly should be taken into consideration in cases of hypothyroidism and normal thyroid autoantibodies in a patient at any age. (Endokrynol Pol 2017; 68 (6): 708-714)

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Section: Szkolenie Podyplomowementioning

confidence: 86%

Ektopia tarczycy — wyzwania diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne przed wprowadzeniem przesiewowego badania TSH noworodków i po nim

Szczepanek‐Parulska

Hernik

Ruchała

2017

Endokrynologia Polska

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“…Drawbacks of a radionuclide scan are that it may not clearly demonstrate small volume thyroid tissue or non-functioning thyroid vestiges, and depending on the chosen isotope, its accuracy may be hindered by thyroid replacement therapy or iodine-containing contrast media [ 5 , 16 ]. CT scans can provide more anatomical and morphological detail, especially with the use of hybrid SPECT/CT [ 17 ]. In this case, a combination of contrast CT with FNA helped to diagnose thyroid ectopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual thyroid ectopia with submental thyroid excision using Sistrunk procedure: A case report

Lim

Kwok

Wong

et al. 2021

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

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Introduction and importance Having two or more sites of simultaneous ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare phenomenon. Thyroid ectopia should be considered in congenital hypothyroidism where no eutopic thyroid gland is found. Case presentation This case describes an incidental finding of dual ectopic thyroid tissue on computer tomography scan in an adult with known congenital hypothyroidism that was previously attributed to thyroid agenesis. The decision was made to proceed with a Sistrunk procedure to excise the ectopic submental thyroid as it became more noticeable after weight loss following bariatric surgery, and to monitor the remaining lingual thyroid with a combination of clinical symptomology, imaging and thyroid function studies given its challenging location. Clinical discussion The literature on pathophysiology, imaging modalities, and common considerations for surgical extirpation is reviewed. Conclusion The utility of thyroid scintigraphy may be limited in patients with known thyroid ectopia; other investigative modalities are helpful. The Sistrunk procedure was used to excise an ectopic thyroid, based on its embryological migration from the foramen caecum to the usual pretracheal position along the thyroglossal tract, and is a suitable technique for excision of submental thyroid tissue causing an unsightly mass and where thorough histopathological examination is required to exclude malignancy.

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“…[ 12 ] Similarly in a case report of dual ETT by Markovic et al ., the initial thyroid USG revealed empty thyroid bed and no ETT in neck, however dual ectopic lingual and sublingual thyroid tissues were established by thyroid scintigraphy and contrast-enhanced CT (CT) neck, which was also shown by USG through the mouth on the repeat study. [ 13 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual thyroid ectopia-role of thyroid scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography

et al. 2015

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Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare developmental anomaly of the thyroid tissue where the thyroid gland is not located in its usual position. Dual thyroid ectopia is far rarer. This case of a 5-year-old euthyroid girl with thyroglossal cyst was planned for surgery. Presurgical ultrasonography (USG) of the neck followed by thyroid scintigraphy was performed. There was absent normal thyroid gland with single ETT in neck swelling on USG. However, thyroid scintigraphy revealed two ectopic foci of thyroid tissue; one was corresponding to neck swelling, and other was superior to it at the base of the tongue along with absent eutopic thyroid gland. The repeat neck USG could demonstrate the same. The present case emphasizes that, if the thyroid gland is not visible by USG; ETT should be evaluated with thyroid scintigraphy in case of thyroid dysgenesis.

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Dual Ectopic Thyroid Gland

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Ektopia tarczycy — wyzwania diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne przed wprowadzeniem przesiewowego badania TSH noworodków i po nim

Ektopia tarczycy — wyzwania diagnostyczne i terapeutyczne przed wprowadzeniem przesiewowego badania TSH noworodków i po nim

Dual thyroid ectopia with submental thyroid excision using Sistrunk procedure: A case report

Dual thyroid ectopia-role of thyroid scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography

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