Dual effects of hypoxia on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse clonal mesenchymal stem cells

Stimulating factors for regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

“…In contrast, Yu et al [ 77 ] demonstrated that a 50 M CoCl 2 -simulated hypoxia environment appeared to prevent the growth of MSCs. Consistently, the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was promoted in hypoxia environments simulated using different concentrations of CoCl 2 [ 74 , 77 ]. Cicione et al [ 78 ] investigated the changes in the trilineage differentiation potential of BMSCs under severe hypoxia (1% O 2 ) and showed that the trilineage differentiation potential of BMSCs was inhibited to different degrees.…”

“…The two primary techniques used nowadays to create in vitro hypoxic settings are anaerobic chambers[ 73 ] and simulation utilizing different chemicals[ 74 ]. In a study by Elabd et al [ 75 ], moderate hypoxia (5% O 2 ) circumstances promoted the chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs but had no effect on proliferation or osteogenic differentiation.…”

“…At the same oxygen concentration, Lee et al [ 76 ] showed that hypoxia promoted MSC proliferation and increased the chondrogenic differentiation potential. The proliferation of MSCs was also effectively promoted at a 5.5%-6.5% O 2 concentration simulated by 10 μM CoCl 2 and 4.0 mmol/L Na 2 SO 3 [ 74 ]. In contrast, Yu et al [ 77 ] demonstrated that a 50 M CoCl 2 -simulated hypoxia environment appeared to prevent the growth of MSCs.…”