Dual electro- and magneto-induced bending actuators of magnetite-loaded agarose ionogels

Rotjanasuworapong, Kornkanok; Lerdwijitjarud, Wanchai; Sirivat, Anuvat

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120741

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In contrast, ionogels with solvent components being ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit extraordinary antifreezing capability and thermal stability. − These properties render ionogels a promising alternative to hydrogel for the fabrication of flexible ionotronics. − However, most reported ionogels present relatively poor mechanical properties, − such as fracture strength <1 MPa, Young’s modulus <0.1 MPa, and fracture energy <1000 J/m 2 . To date, various strategies including introduction of energy dissipation structure and nanocomposites have been proposed to improve ionogels’ mechanical performances. ,− Among them, the energy dissipation mechanism (sacrificial bond theory) is considered as an effective way to produce toughness and has been well established in hydrogels. , Referring to the hydrogel system, the mechanical strength and toughness of ionogels are largely improved by designing and constructing an energy dissipation structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicontinuous Ionogel Electrolyte with Conductive Nanochannels for Flexible Supercapacitors

Li,

Feng,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Ionogels with excellent mechanical performance and conductivity have been considered as ideal candidates for flexible ionotronics. However, current ionogels suffer from the well-known trade-off between mechanical strength and conductivity. Herein, we construct an ionogel with bicontinuous phase structures, a polymer-rich phase, and a solvent-rich phase. The synergy of the polymer-rich phase as an energy dissipation mechanism and the solvent-rich phase as a conductive nanochannel enables the resultant bicontinuous ionogel to show comprehensive properties, a tensile strength of 4.2 MPa, a toughness of 14.4 MJ/m 3 , a conductivity of 4.3 mS/cm, excellent self-healing capability, and reprocessability. Benefiting from the remarkable mechanical performance and high conductivity, the integrated supercapacitor achieves a high specific capacitance of 118 mF/cm 2 (at a current density of 0.2 mA/cm 2 ) and a capacitance retention of up to 90% (1000 charge−discharge cycles). More significantly, the resultant supercapacitor retains outstanding electrochemical performance even after being subjected to various deformations and even under harsh conditions. This study provides a reliable strategy for developing a high-performance ionogel electrolyte and broadens its application in flexible ionotronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bicontinuous Ionogel Electrolyte with Conductive Nanochannels for Flexible Supercapacitors

Li,

Feng,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…This combination leads them to behave macroscopically as elastomers and microscopically with the fluidity of ILs. As a result, ionogels, which are viscoelastic and ionically conductive, have been widely applied as solid electrolytes [2,3], energy harvesting devices [4][5][6], stretchable touch panels [7][8][9], skin-like sensors [10][11][12][13][14][15], electroactive actuators [16,17], and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorine-Containing Ionogels with Stretchable, Solvent-Resistant, Wide Temperature Tolerance, and Transparent Properties for Ionic Conductors

Fan,

Feng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Stretchable ionogels, as soft ion-conducting materials, have generated significant interest. However, the integration of multiple functions into a single ionogel, including temperature tolerance, self-adhesiveness, and stability in diverse environments, remains a challenge. In this study, a new class of fluorine-containing ionogels was synthesized through photo-initiated copolymerization of fluorinated hexafluorobutyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate in a fluorinated ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide. The resulting ionogels demonstrate good stretchability with a fracture strain of ~1300%. Owing to the advantages of the fluorinated network and the ionic liquid, the ionogels show excellent stability in air and vacuum, as well as in various solvent media such as water, sodium chloride solution, and hexane. Additionally, the ionogels display impressive wide temperature tolerance, functioning effectively within a wide temperature range from −60 to 350 °C. Moreover, due to their adhesive properties, the ionogels can be easily attached to various substrates, including plastic, rubber, steel, and glass. Sensors made of these ionogels reliably respond to repetitive tensile-release motion and finger bending in both air and underwater. These findings suggest that the developed ionogels hold great promise for application in wearable devices.

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“…In contrast, the magnetic actuation mechanism presents an attractive avenue for achieving multi-directional shape deformations, bolstered by the introduction of embedded magnetic fillers responsive to external magnetic fields spanning diverse orientations. Recently, several electro-magnetic responsive actuators have been proposed, which could be controlled by both the electric and magnetic stimulations, for example, the reported magnetic agarose ionogels actuator [19] and magnetic metallic organic framework-based actuators. [20,21] The magnetic particles are commonly embedded within the electric actuators, that the additional magnetic field could only change the bending direction of actuator instead of flexible deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualized Sensing‐Integrated Multi‐Responsive Soft Actuator for On‐Demand Robotic Manipulation

Cui,

Zeng,

Qin

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Research on small‐scale soft robots has emerged in recent years, and various soft actuators have been developed to implement various actions. Nevertheless, realizing self‐sensing alongside environmental sensing capabilities remains a challenge, largely due to the constraints imposed by compact dimensions and the limited load‐bearing capacity intrinsic to these robots. In this study, an innovative approach is introduced through the development of a visualized sensing integrated soft actuator, which harnesses the actuator's color as a straightforward and real‐time sensing medium. Additionally, a multi‐responsive actuation mechanism is adopted in which the actuator responds concurrently to both electric and magnetic fields. To exemplify the efficacy of this concept, the actuators are engineered as flexible soft grippers, thereby accommodating functions encompassing grasping and transporting. Relying on the color distribution manifested by the actuator, the actuator's self‐sensing ability alongside its capacity to discern object temperatures is demonstrated. Such a soft actuator provides new perspectives in the realm of soft robotics, showing great potential in diverse robotic applications.

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Dual electro- and magneto-induced bending actuators of magnetite-loaded agarose ionogels

Cited by 7 publications

References 74 publications

Bicontinuous Ionogel Electrolyte with Conductive Nanochannels for Flexible Supercapacitors

Bicontinuous Ionogel Electrolyte with Conductive Nanochannels for Flexible Supercapacitors

Fluorine-Containing Ionogels with Stretchable, Solvent-Resistant, Wide Temperature Tolerance, and Transparent Properties for Ionic Conductors

Visualized Sensing‐Integrated Multi‐Responsive Soft Actuator for On‐Demand Robotic Manipulation

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