“…1–3 Persistent luminescence (PersL) phosphors have attracted much attention in this area owing to their excellent optical features, such as excellent concealment, multiple colours, adjustable optical performance, and long emission lifetime. 4–6 They are widely used in many areas for helping protect individual economic interests, the safety of states, and the health of enterprises. 7,8 In recent decades, excitation wavelength dependent, photostimulated, multi-mode luminescence has been explored and proven to be effective for anti-counterfeiting.…”