Dual-energy compared to single-energy CT in pediatric imaging: a phantom study for DECT clinical guidance

Zhu, Xiaowei; McCullough, William P.; Mecca, Patricia; Servaes, Sabah; Darge, Kassa

doi:10.1007/s00247-016-3668-x

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the doses used in dual-energy CT are typically comparable to single-energy CT, if not lower, demonstrating that image quality can be maintained without a dose penalty. 58,[154][155][156][157] It is also important in multienergy CT to consider limitations of the technology being used. This is particularly important with regard to the low-energy dataset, as this is where noise is most prominent, artifacts are more likely to be induced, and quantification accuracy is most limited.…”

Section: C2 Metal Artifact Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and applications of multienergy CT: Report of AAPM Task Group 291

McCollough

Boedeker

Cody³

et al. 2020

Medical Physics

162

195

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In x-ray computed tomography (CT), materials with different elemental compositions can have identical CT number values, depending on the mass density of each material and the energy of the detected x-ray beam. Differentiating and classifying different tissue types and contrast agents can thus be extremely challenging. In multienergy CT, one or more additional attenuation measurements are obtained at a second, third or more energy. This allows the differentiation of at least two materials. Commercial dual-energy CT systems (only two energy measurements) are now available either using sequential acquisitions of low-and high-tube potential scans, fast tube-potential switching, beam filtration combined with spiral scanning, dual-source, or dual-layer detector approaches. The use of energy-resolving, photon-counting detectors is now being evaluated on research systems. Irrespective of the technological approach to data acquisition, all commercial multienergy CT systems circa 2020 provide dual-energy data. Material decomposition algorithms are then used to identify specific materials according to their effective atomic number and/or to quantitate mass density. These algorithms are applied to either projection or image data. Since 2006, a number of clinical applications have been developed for commercial release, including those that automatically (a) remove the calcium signal from bony anatomy and/or calcified plaque; (b) create iodine concentration maps from contrast-enhanced CT data and/or quantify absolute iodine concentration; (c) create virtual noncontrast-enhanced images from contrast-enhanced scans; (d) identify perfused blood volume in lung parenchyma or the myocardium; and (e) characterize materials according to their elemental compositions, which can allow in vivo differentiation between uric-acid and non-uric-acid urinary stones or uric acid (gout) or non-uric-acid (calcium pyrophosphate) deposits in articulating joints and surrounding tissues. In this report, the underlying physical principles of multienergy CT are reviewed and each of the current technical approaches are described. In addition, current and evolving clinical applications are introduced. Finally, the impact of multienergy CT technology on patient radiation dose is summarized.

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Section: C2 Metal Artifact Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and applications of multienergy CT: Report of AAPM Task Group 291

McCollough

Boedeker

Cody³

et al. 2020

Medical Physics

162

195

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“…22 In the chest, the investigators found a small increase in dose with DECT of up to 20% in very small children compared with SECT. 22 Another study of radiation dose for pediatric thoracic, abdominal-pelvic, or CT angiography performed using a dual-source DECT scanner compared the DECT dose to prescanning estimates, if the patient had undergone scanning in SECT mode. 23 The authors concluded that pediatric body DECT scans can be performed at a comparable or less radiation exposure compared with SECT while preserving image quality and contrast.…”

Section: Implementation Of Dect In the Clinical Setting: Radiation Domentioning

confidence: 96%

“…One study evaluated pediatric-size anthropomorphic phantoms using a dual-source DECT scanner. 22 The investiga-tors found that for a similar image quality, DECT was dose neutral for the imaging of the head and abdomen when compared with SECT. 22 In the chest, the investigators found a small increase in dose with DECT of up to 20% in very small children compared with SECT.…”

Section: Implementation Of Dect In the Clinical Setting: Radiation Domentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 The investiga-tors found that for a similar image quality, DECT was dose neutral for the imaging of the head and abdomen when compared with SECT. 22 In the chest, the investigators found a small increase in dose with DECT of up to 20% in very small children compared with SECT. 22 Another study of radiation dose for pediatric thoracic, abdominal-pelvic, or CT angiography performed using a dual-source DECT scanner compared the DECT dose to prescanning estimates, if the patient had undergone scanning in SECT mode.…”

Section: Implementation Of Dect In the Clinical Setting: Radiation Domentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Computed Tomography Techniques: Overview of Dual-Energy CT

Forghani

2017

J Pediatr Neurol

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Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is an advanced form of computed tomography (CT), in which image acquisition is performed at two different energy spectra, instead of a single-energy spectrum using conventional single-energy CT (SECT). This enables the creation of different reconstructions and quantitative spectral tissue analysis beyond what is possible with SECT. In adults, there are increasing clinical applications of DECT for all organ systems, including neuroimaging and head and neck imaging. However, there are relatively few studies evaluating applications of DECT for pediatric imaging and little to none in neuroimaging or head and neck imaging. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview and familiarize the readers with DECT. This article will review the fundamental principles behind DECT, including different DECT acquisition systems and principles of DECT material characterization. This will be followed by a review of potential applications of DECT, many based on imaging the head and neck. The objectives are to familiarize the readers with this exciting technology and hopefully serve as a primer for investigations and applications of DECT for pediatric neuro and head and neck imaging.

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“…With advances in technology the radiation dose has lowered and is now comparable to, or even less than, conventional SECT scanners. Either by direct lowering of the dose or the potential of replacing the nonenhanced scan by VNC images and therefore indirect dose reduction [10, 23, 24]. This opens up the wider use of DECT in clinical applications.…”

Section: Dect Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Energy CT in Head and Neck Imaging

et al. 2017

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Purpose of ReviewTo explain the technique of Dual-energy CT (DECT) and highlight its applications and advantages in head and neck radiology.Recent FindingsUsing DECT, additional datasets can be created next to conventional images. In head and neck radiology, three material decomposition algorithms can be used for improved lesion detection and delineation of the tumor. Iodine concentration measurements can aid in differentiating malignant from nonmalignant lymph nodes and benign posttreatment changes from tumor recurrence. Virtual non-calcium images can be used for detection of bone marrow edema. Virtual mono-energetic imaging can be useful for improved iodine conspicuity at lower keV and for reduction of metallic artifacts and increase in signal-to-noise ratio at higher keV.SummaryDECT and its additional reconstructions can play an important role in head and neck cancer patients, from initial diagnosis and staging, to therapy planning, evaluation of treatment response and follow-up. Moreover, it can be helpful in imaging of infections and inflammation and parathyroid imaging as supplementary reconstructions can be obtained at lower or equal radiation dose compared with conventional single energy scanning.

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Dual-energy compared to single-energy CT in pediatric imaging: a phantom study for DECT clinical guidance

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Principles and applications of multienergy CT: Report of AAPM Task Group 291

Principles and applications of multienergy CT: Report of AAPM Task Group 291

Advanced Computed Tomography Techniques: Overview of Dual-Energy CT

Dual-Energy CT in Head and Neck Imaging

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