Dual-Enzyme-Loaded Multifunctional Hybrid Nanogel System for Pathological Responsive Ultrasound Imaging andT₂-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

A dual-enzyme-loaded multifunctional hybrid nanogel probe (SPIO@GCS/acryl/biotin-CAT/SOD-gel, or SGC) has been developed for dual-modality pathological responsive ultrasound (US) imaging and enhanced T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. This probe is composed of functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide particles, a dual enzyme species (catalase and superoxide dismutase), and a polysaccharide cationic polymer glycol chitosan gel. The dual-modality US/MR imaging capabilities of the hybrid nanogel for responsive US imaging and enhanced T2-weighted MR imaging have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. These results show that the hybrid nanogel SGC can exhibit efficient dual-enzyme biocatalysis with pathological species for responsive US imaging. SGC also demonstrates increased accumulation in acidic environments for enhanced T2-weighted MR imaging. Further research on these nanogel systems may lead to the development of more efficient US/MR contrast agents.

Theranostic Multilayer Capsules for Ultrasound Imaging and Guided Drug Delivery

“…In stark contrast to previously reported nanosized contrast agents which showed US contrast upon specific activation (such as releasing CO 2 from CaCO 3 at low pH 4 or releasing perfluorohexane bubbles from PLGA microparticles triggered by laser irradiation, 3,61 ) only in B-mode, 62 the TA/PVPON capsules in this work exhibit excellent US contrast in harmonic imaging mode as well, which allows for better resolved US images. In addition, no extra triggers are required for activation of the DOX–(TA/PVPON-58) 8 capsules, which should allow monitoring of the DOX–(TA/PVPON-58) 8 capsule delivery process in real time.…”

Nanogels: An overview of properties, biomedical applications and obstacles to clinical translation

“…Recently, Wang et al developed a multifunctional nanogel-based probe for pathological responsive ultrasound and MR imaging [199]. This was achieved by co-loading of two enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with SPIO nanoparticles into glycol chitosan-based pH-sensitive nanogels.…”

Recent advances in magnetic hydrogels

“…Very recently, Wang and co‐workers designed a dual‐enzyme‐loaded multifunctional hybrid nanogel probe (SPIO@GCS/acryl/biotin‐CAT/SOD‐gel, or SGC) which combines ultrasound imaging and MRI . The fabrication process of SGC is shown in Fig.…”

“…The process involves the modification of glycol chitosan (GCS), interaction between modified GCS and SPIONs, as well as electrostatic attraction of the dual enzymes (CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase), and enzymatic polymerization. Reactive oxygen species could enhance both ultrasound imaging and MRI …”