The design of novel xylo-like nucleoside analogues bearing a C3' all-carbon quaternary center and a C2'hydroxy substituent is described. Synthesis of this scaffold makes use of highly diastereoselective transformations on acyclic substrates. Central to the approach is formation of a 2,4-syn cyanohydrin from cyanide addition onto an aldehyde through a proposed seven-membered ring chelate using a bidentate Lewis acid. In addition, a highly diastereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction, an intramolecular radical atom cyclization, and thioaminal formation are used to generate this novel molecule. A series of related nucleoside analogues are being tested as antiviral and anticancer agents.