A novel refractive index nanosensor with compound structures is proposed in this paper. It consists of three different kinds of resonators and two stubs which are side-coupled to a metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide. By utilizing numerical investigation with the finite element method (FEM), the simulation results show that the transmission spectrum of the nanosensor has as much as five sharp peaks of Fano resonance. Due to their different resonance mechanisms, each peak of resonances can be independently tuned by adjusting the corresponding parameters of the structure. In addition, the sensitivity of the nanosensor is up to , and it also has an excellent performance with a high group refractive index of . For the sake of different functions to practical applications, a legitimate combination of various different components, such as T-shaped, ring, and split-ring cavities, has been proposed to make the nanosensor dramatically reduce its dimensions without sacrificing performance. These designing concepts pave a new way to construct such compact on-chip plasmonic structures, and it can be widely applied to nanosensors, optical splitters, filters, optical switches, nonlinear photonic and slow-light devices.