Dual-functional bacterial cellulose modified with phase-transitioned proteins and gold nanorods combining antifouling and photothermal bactericidal properties

Metal-Phenolic Networks Assembled on TiO2 Nanospikes for Antimicrobial Peptide Deposition and Osteoconductivity Enhancement in Orthopedic Applications

“…For example, TiO 2 nanotubes or nanopores built on Ti surfaces can serve as antibacterial agent reservoirs. , TiO 2 nanorod or nanospike arrays can kill bacteria by physically rupturing the bacterial membrane and leaking the cell content . More interestingly, these hierarchical structures have been proved to improve light-trapping properties and anti-reflection efficiency of metal surfaces and therefore gained enhanced photothermal conversion ability compared with smooth surfaces, which can be utilized for photothermal therapy (PTT) with the assistance of near infrared (NIR) light irradiation to inactivate the intracellular bioactive matrix such as nucleic acids and proteins. − In addition to building micro/nanostructures, Ti surfaces can also be chemically modified with organic molecular layers to endow them with excellent antibacterial ability and bioactivity. − These abundant organic groups can also be utilized for grafting antibacterial agents to impart Ti with antibacterial capacity. , Moreover, by introducing bioactive functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino onto the surface, the organic coating can absorb more phosphates and carbonates to facilitate the nucleation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in the body and further promote osseointegration. , …”

Long-term antibacterial, antioxidative, and bioadhesive hydrogel wound dressing for infected wound healing applications

“…Apart from antibiotics, other antibacterial agents, such as cationic polymers, silver, and carbon nanotubes, have been shown to have potential as alternative approaches owing to their good antibacterial properties. 13–15 Cationic polymers have been widely used in antibacterial treatments. 16 Poly(hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride (PHMB), a typical cationic polymer, has been widely used as a sanitizer in swimming pools, contact lens solutions, and cosmetics owing to its broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy (including against MRSA ) and unique antimicrobial mechanism.…”

Unimolecular Cascaded Multienzyme Conjugates Modulate the Microenvironment of Diabetic Wound to Promote Healing

“…Diabetes is one of the severest chronic diseases that pose a threat to human health. , Chronic wounds under hyperglycemia are one of the most common complications in diabetic patients . The chronic hard-to-heal nature of the wound is attributed to various factors, such as hyperglycemic environment, , bacterial infection, − elevated levels of oxidative stress, , long-term chronic inflammation, , and insufficient angiogenesis leading to hypoxia. − Typically, excessive reactive oxygen species are responsible for damaging proteins, nucleic acids, and cells in wounded tissue, impeding neovascularization, and limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery to the wound bed. , This further leads to a self-perpetuating cycle of deterioration and dysfunction . To address these issues, current clinical trials are focused on the local release of drugs, growth factors, miRNA, allogeneic cells, and the use of living skin-equivalent grafts .…”