Dual‐Ion Intercalation Chemistry Enabling Hybrid Metal‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

To outline the role of dual‐ion intercalation chemistry to reach sustainable energy storage, the present Review aimed to compare two types of batteries: widely accepted dual‐ion batteries based on cationic and anionic co‐intercalation versus newly emerged hybrid metal‐ion batteries using the co‐intercalation of cations only. Among different charge carrier cations, the focus was on the materials able to co‐intercalate monovalent ions (such Li+ and Na+, Li+ and K+, Na+ and K+, etc.) or couples of mono‐ and multivalent ions (Li+ and Mg2+, Na+ and Mg2+, Na+ and Zn2+, H+ and Zn2+, etc.). Furthermore, the Review was directed on co‐intercalation materials composed of environmentally benign and low‐cost transition metals (e. g., Mn, Fe, etc.). The effect of the electrolyte on the co‐intercalation properties was also discussed. The summarized knowledge on dual‐ion energy storage could stimulate further research so that the hybrid metal‐ion batteries become feasible in near future.

New perspectives on the multianion approach to adapt electrode materials for lithium and post-lithium batteries

“…In this sense, recently, Koleva et al concluded that co-intercalated cationic pairs enable achieving high-energy storage properties. 189 Another example is that the selective substitution of transition metal ions with electrochemically inactive ions or surface modification with oxygen-storage materials also plays a positive impact on stabilizing the anion redox reaction. 190 We can find parallels between this and the entatic state reported for iron-containing zeolites which are efficient catalysts for converting methane into methanol due to the stabilization of Fe( iv )O species by the enforced coordination geometry.…”

Weak Interaction Between Cations and Anions in Electrolyte Enabling Fast Dual‐Ion Storage for Potassium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors

“…As illustrated in Figure 3a, unlike PIBs and dual-ion batteries, the graphite oxide electrode with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and defects can store both cations and anions at different active sites. [41,42] Therefore, the interaction between the cation and anion plays a crucial role in the ionic transfer at the electrode interface, especially for the HICs. To further demonstrate this conjecture, we mainly focused on investigating the solvation environment of anions and cations in different electrolytes using Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.…”

Design of Sodium Titanate Nanowires as Anodes for Dual Li,Na Ion Batteries

“…Hybrid lithium-sodium-ion batteries (LNBs) are a new class of batteries that combine the advantages of single lithium and sodium ones (i.e., high power and low cost) by avoiding their disadvantages (cycling stability and rate capability) [1]. The implementation of hybrid LNBs relies on the choice of electrode materials, which are able to intercalate both Li + and Na + ions [1,2]. As cathode materials, a large variety of polyanionic compounds (such as Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 , Na 3 V 2−x Fe x (PO 4 ) 3 , Na 4 Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 P 2 O 7 , etc.)…”

“…and layered alkali transition metal oxides (P3-Na 2/3 Ni 1/2 Mn 1/2 O 2 , P3/P2-Na 2/3 Ni 1/4 Mn 3/4 O 2 , Na 0.34 K 0.5 CoO 2 , NaKNi 2 TeO 6 , etc.) can be used due to their diversity of flexible structures, offering suitable sites for accommodation of different ions at potentials higher than 2.0 V [1,2]. In contrast to cathode materials, there are few examples of anode materials operating at potentials lower than 2.0 V [1,2].…”

“…can be used due to their diversity of flexible structures, offering suitable sites for accommodation of different ions at potentials higher than 2.0 V [1,2]. In contrast to cathode materials, there are few examples of anode materials operating at potentials lower than 2.0 V [1,2].…”