Dual layer electrode liquid crystal lens for 2D/3D tunable endoscopy imaging system

Hassanfiroozi, Amir; Huang, Yi‐Pai; Javidi, Bahram; Shieh, Han Ping D.

doi:10.1364/oe.24.008527

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In that study, we optimized the lenslet profiles for different FOVs, bringing about a freeform MLA, and successfully increased the usable FOV from 10° to approximately 20°. Considering the high manufacturing difficulty of the freeform MLA, an alternative approach may be using a liquid crystal (LC) MLA whose lenslet profiles can be conveniently modified through electrode design …”

Section: Analysis Of Ne‐lfdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image formation modeling and analysis of near‐eye light field displays

Qin

Chou

et al. 2019

J Soc Info Display

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Near‐eye light field displays based on integral imaging through a microlens array provide attractive features like ultra‐compact volume and freedom of the vergence‐accommodation conflict to head‐mounted displays with virtual or augmented reality functions. To enable optimal design and analysis of such systems, it is desirable to have a physical model that incorporates all factors that affect the image formation, including diffraction, aberration, defocusing, and pixel size. Therefore, in this study, using the fundamental Huygens‐Fresnel principle and the Arizona eye model with adjustable accommodation, we develop an image formation model that can numerically calculate the retinal light field image with near‐perfect accuracy, and experimentally verify it with a prototype system. Next, based on this model, the visual resolution is analyzed for different field of views (FOVs). As a result, a rapid resolution decay with respect to FOV caused by off‐axis aberration is demonstrated. Finally, resolution variations as a function of image depth are analyzed based on systems with different central depth planes. Significantly, the resolution decay is revealed to plateau when the image depth is large enough, which is different from real‐image type light field displays.

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Section: Analysis Of Ne‐lfdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image formation modeling and analysis of near‐eye light field displays

Qin

Chou

et al. 2019

J Soc Info Display

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“…This configuration may lead to a relatively large physical size (about 10 mm) and has the limitations of stereo endoscopic systems. A liquid crystal (LC) lens array has been developed for 3D sensing with a single sensor based on the integral imaging technique [32] [123]. It can be applied for 3D mode by simply mounting the LC lens array in front of the conventional 2D endoscope, which has the same diameter as the 2D endoscope lens (less than 1.4 mm).…”

Section: B 3d Integral Imaging With Endoscopy 1) 3d Endoscopy Using mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve multiple focal length lens functions, a LC lens structure with dual-layer electrode coated by a high resistive transparent film was developed, as shown in Fig. 32 [123]. The diameter of the proposed MFLC-lens is only 1.42 mm with tunable focal length from infinity to 80mm in 2D mode, and to 20 mm in 3D mode.…”

Section: ) 2d / 3d Adjustable Endoscopy and Axially Distributed Sensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Optical Sensing and Imaging System (MOSIS): From Macroscales to Microscales

et al. 2017

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Abstract-Multidimensional optical imaging systems for information processing and visualization technologies have numerous applications in fields such as manufacturing, medical sciences, entertainment, robotics, surveillance, and defense. Among different three-dimensional (3D) imaging methods, integral imaging is a promising multiperspective sensing and display technique. Compared with other 3D imaging techniques, integral imaging can capture a scene using an incoherent light source and generate real 3D images for observation without any special viewing devices. This review paper describes passive multidimensional imaging systems combined with different integral imaging configurations. One example is the integral imaging based Multidimensional Optical Sensing and Imaging Systems (MOSIS), which can be used for 3D visualization, seeing through obscurations, material inspection, and object recognition from micro scales to long range imaging. This system utilizes many degrees of freedom such as time and space multiplexing, depth information, polarimetric, temporal, photon flux and multispectral information based on integral imaging to record and reconstruct the multidimensionally integrated scene. Image fusion may be used to integrate the multidimensional images obtained by polarimetric sensors, multispectral cameras, and various multiplexing techniques. The multidimensional images contain substantially more information compared with two-dimensional (2D) images or conventional 3D images. In addition, we present recent progress and applications of 3D integral imaging including human gesture recognition in the time domain, depth estimation, mid-wave infrared photon counting, 3D polarimetric imaging for object shape and material identification, dynamic integral imaging implemented with liquid crystal devices, and 3D endoscopy for healthcare applications.

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“…To our knowledge, a trinocular endoscope for 3D measurements has not been taken into account by other literature. However, Hassanfiroozi et al, (2016) proposed an endoscope with three lenses that is not specially developed for measurement purposes (cf. section 2.4).…”

Section: Trinocularmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no further investigations are made regarding 3D reconstruction and measurement accuracy. Hassanfiroozi et al (2016) proposed an advancement of the hexagonal endoscope. The novel lens system consists of three multi-functional LC lenses and a larger single LC lens behind it.…”

Section: Multi-ocularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Photogrammetric Measurement Techniques in Minimally Invasive Surgery Using Endoscopes

Conen

Lühmann

2017

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:This contribution provides an overview of various photogrammetric measurement techniques in minimally invasive surgery and presents a self-developed prototypical trinocular endoscope for reliable surface measurements. Most of the presented techniques focus on applications regarding laparoscopy, which mean endoscopic operations in the abdominal or pelvic cavities. Since endoscopic operations are very demanding to the surgeon, various assistant systems have been developed. Imaging systems may use photogrammetric techniques in order to perform 3D measurements during operation. The intra-operatively acquired 3D data may be used for analysis, model registration, guidance or documentation. Passive and active techniques have been miniaturised, integrated into endoscopes and investigated by several research groups. The main advantages and disadvantages of several active and passive techniques adapted to laparoscopy are described in this contribution. Additionally, a self-developed trinocular endoscope is described and evaluated.

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Dual layer electrode liquid crystal lens for 2D/3D tunable endoscopy imaging system

Cited by 43 publications

References 43 publications

Image formation modeling and analysis of near‐eye light field displays

Image formation modeling and analysis of near‐eye light field displays

Multidimensional Optical Sensing and Imaging System (MOSIS): From Macroscales to Microscales

Overview of Photogrammetric Measurement Techniques in Minimally Invasive Surgery Using Endoscopes

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