Dual-, Multi-, and Mono-Energy CT &amp; Iodine: Basic Concepts and Clinical Applications

Catalano, Carlo; Geiger, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-88-470-5469-1_2

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It requires a minimum energy (K-shell binding energy), different for each material (increasing with greater atomic numbers), above which the attenuation peaks (element K-edge). Subsequently, an adjacent shell electron fills the void ( Figure 2 ) [ 11 , 12 ]. This effect predominates at lower energies and strongly depends on the atomic number of tissue elements (proportional to its cube) and photon energy (inversely proportional) [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pros and Cons of Dual-Energy CT Systems: “One Does Not Fit All”

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) uses different energy spectrum X-ray beams for differentiating materials with similar attenuation at a certain energy. Compared with single-energy CT, it provides images with better diagnostic performance and a potential reduction of contrast agent and radiation doses. There are different commercially available DECT technologies, with machines that may display two X-ray sources and two detectors, a single source capable of fast switching between two energy levels, a specialized detector capable of acquiring high- and low-energy data sets, and a filter splitting the beam into high- and low-energy beams at the output. Sequential acquisition at different tube voltages is an alternative approach. This narrative review describes the DECT technique using a Q&A format and visual representations. Physical concepts, parameters influencing image quality, postprocessing methods, applicability in daily routine workflow, and radiation considerations are discussed. Differences between scanners are described, regarding design, image quality variabilities, and their advantages and limitations. Additionally, current clinical applications are listed, and future perspectives for spectral CT imaging are addressed. Acknowledging the strengths and weaknesses of different DECT scanners is important, as these could be adapted to each patient, clinical scenario, and financial capability. This technology is undoubtedly valuable and will certainly keep improving.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%