Dual nature of soil structure: The unity of aggregates and pores

Yudina, Anna; Kuzyakov, Yakov

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116478

Cited by 84 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…MaP-and MiP-induced variability in WSA beyond natural variability can increase soil erodibility and pathways of MiP from arable land to aquatic systems (Rehm et al 2021) and can accelerate sediment displacement in agricultural practices (van Oost et al 2009). Consequently, the modification of WSA could significantly affect the intraaggregate pores and soil physical properties that disrupt the pore size distribution, impairing the structure and soil stable pedogenic feature (Yudina and Kuzyakov 2023).…”

Section: Wsasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, MiPs prolonged phase 1 of soil evaporation and water loss, reducing soil porosity (Jannesarahmadi et al 2023), while MaPs reduced cumulative evaporation (Wen et al 2022). Soil physical properties mainly depend on the soil structure, formed by the pore space and the aggregation of soil particles due to emerging and binding elementary soil particles following a bottom-up process (Yudina and Kuzyakov 2023). MaP and MiP are likely to disrupt the soil pore interface during aggregation, influencing soil structure (Wang et al 2020, Shafea et al 2023b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review

Maqbool,

Soriano,

Gómez

2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Plastic pollution in terrestrial environments is a global issue due to its adverse effects on soil health, with negative impacts on ecosystem services and food production. However, the enormous heterogeneity of both plastic and soil characteristics complicate the assessment of the impact and overall trends in plastic-induced changes in soil properties beyond experimental conditions. In this work, we have carried out a systematic and in-depth review of the existing literature on the impact of plastics on soil physical properties. To this end, we have quantified the effects of macro- (MaP, >5000 μm) and micro-plastics (MiP, <5000 μm) on soil bulk density, soil porosity, water-stable aggregates (WSAs), saturated hydraulic conductivity, and soil moisture at field capacity (FC), based on four characteristics of plastics: polymer types, shapes and sizes of plastic particles, and plastic concentrations in soil. Results showed that MaPs and MiPs significantly modified the values of the analyzed soil physical properties compared to the control without plastic in over 50% of the experimental dataset, albeit with a large variability, from a reduction to an increase in values, depending on the specific experimental conditions and the soil physical property. Depending on the plastic concentration, soil bulk density and porosity decreased moderately (4%–6%) with MiP and MaP. MiP reduced WSA by an average of 20%, ranging from a 40% decrease to a 20% increase depending on the shapes and concentration of MiP. Saturated hydraulic conductivity changed depending on the polymer types, shapes, and concentrations of MaP and MiP, varying from a 70% decrease to a 40% increase. Soil water content at FC varied depending on the soil texture, and concentration and sizes distribution of conventional MiP, decreasing from 10% to 65%. However, biodegradable plastic increased soil water content at FC. The few studies available provide evidence that not enough attention is being paid to soil physical properties influenced by plastic input. It is recommended to consider the wide range of characteristics of MaP and MiP and their effects on soil physical properties in future studies, for an advance understanding of the impact of MiP and MaP on soil health in the medium-long term under different environmental conditions.

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Section: Wsasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review

Maqbool,

Soriano,

Gómez

2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…New X-ray tomography provides an approach to investigating this question. All soil forming factors and management are reflected in the structure of soils (Rabot et al, 2018;Vogel et al, 2022;Yudina & Kuzyakov, 2019, 2023. The increasing availability of Xray computed tomography (X-ray CT) makes this approach a feasible technique for assessing soil health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segmentation of plant residues on soil X‐ray CT images using neural network

Valdes‐Korovkin,

Fomin,

Yudina

2023

Agronomy Journal

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In soil, plant residues have low contrast making them difficult to detect using X‐ray computed tomography (CT). In this work, we tested a convolutional neural network (U‐Net) for its ability to improve the identification of crop residues in soil samples assembled from aggregates of different size fractions (small, large, water‐stable aggregates, and average aggregate composition). Soil CT images were obtained using a 244 μm resolution. About 2500 soil images were annotated to train the neural network, of which only 631 images were selected for the training data set. Intersection over Union (IoU) was used as a measure of success of segmentation by neural network, which takes values from 0 to 1. In the validation data set, IoU of background was 0.93, IoU of solid phase was 0.95, IoU of pore space was 0.77, and IoU of plant residues was 0.40. However, IoU of plant residues in the total data set increased to 0.7. Soil structure influences the quality of multiphase segmentation of soil CT images. The poorest segmentation of plant residues was in the soil samples composed of average aggregate size composition. The quality of pore space segmentation increased with increasing porosity of the soil sample . The model tends to generalize the large areas occupied by plant residues and overlooks the smaller ones. The low values of the IoU metric for plant residues in the training data set can also be related to insufficient quality of annotation of the original images.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…The physical availability of organic compounds to microorganisms strongly influences the ability of microbial communities to feed and function [ 2 , 3 ]. Moreover, the lower the hierarchy level of soil structure organization, the more mineralized soil organic matter (SOM) is involved in its formation [ 4 , 5 ]. Furthermore, the higher the soil aggregation and saturation of SOM, the more protected from degradation the enzymes are [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physical conditions of soil microhabitats, called microenvironments, which determine nutrient availability and competitive conditions, are thought to influence enzyme production by microorganisms, given the cost–benefit relationship of this process [ 9 ]. Soil microaggregates have pore sizes ranging from a few units to hundreds of µm [ 10 ]; the range of sizes also corresponds to water storage and nutrient supply [ 5 , 11 ], and therefore they are considered as the main habitat for soil microbiota. Smaller pores corresponding to elementary (or composite building units, [ 12 ]) and primary soil particles [ 5 , 13 ] contain substrate that is inaccessible to the microbiota, which is reflected in the concept of physically protected organic matter [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of C Cycle Enzymes in Arable and Forest Phaeozems within Levels of Soil Microstructure

et al. 2023

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Soil microbial and enzyme activities are closely related to the spatial variability of soil environmental conditions at the microscale (μm-mm). The origin and localization of the enzymes are somewhat neglected when the measured activity is used to evaluate specific soil functions. The activity of four hydrolytic enzymes (β-glucosidase, Cellobiohydrolase, Chitinase, Xylanase) and microbial diversity based on community-level physiological profiling were determined in samples of arable and native Phaeozems with increasing physical impact to soil solids. The level of impact on the soil solids had a significant effect on enzyme activity and depended on both the enzyme type and soil land use. The highest proportion of the activity of Xylanase and Cellobiohydrolase of arable Phaeozem was determined at the dispersion energy in the range of 450–650 J·mL−1 and was associated with the primary soil particles’ hierarchy level. The highest proportions of β-glucosidase and Chitinase activities were determined for forest Phaeozem after applying energies lower than 150 J·mL−1 and characterizing the level of soil microaggregates. The increased activity of Xylanase and Cellobiohydrolase in primary soil particles of arable soil compared to those in forest soil might be a reflection of the substrates being unavailable to decomposition, leading to enzyme accumulation on the solid surface. For the Phaeozems, the lower the level of soil microstructure organization, the greater the differences observed between soils of different land use type, i.e., microbial communities, associated with lower microstructure levels, were more specific to land use type.

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Dual nature of soil structure: The unity of aggregates and pores

Cited by 84 publications

References 64 publications

Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review

Macro- and micro-plastics change soil physical properties: a systematic review

Segmentation of plant residues on soil X‐ray CT images using neural network

Localization of C Cycle Enzymes in Arable and Forest Phaeozems within Levels of Soil Microstructure

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