Dual Regulatory Role of Chromatin Remodeler ISW1 in Coordinating Cellulase and Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

Cao, Yanli; Yang, Renfei; Zheng, Fanglin; Meng, Xiangfeng; Zhang, Weixin; Liu, Weifeng

doi:10.1128/mbio.03456-21

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…It is thus highly unlikely that the enhanced sorbicillinoid biosynthesis results from the impaired vegetative growth. Similarly, increased SOR gene expression has been also found in our recent studies with a chromatin remodeller whose absence compromised growth (Cao et al, 2022). Nevertheless, the impaired vegetative growth could be a mimicry of antagonism when confronted with other fungi that may evoke a self-protection mechanism to promote sorbicillinoid biosynthesis in the absence of TrDim5.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Previous studies have shown that T. reesei orthologues of velvet protein complex modulated sorbicillinoid synthesis (Aghcheh et al, 2014 ; Karimi‐Aghcheh et al, 2013a ; Seiboth et al, 2012 ). Recently, our studies suggested that chromatin remodelling factor Isw1 participated in the regulation of sorbicillinoid synthesis in T. reesei (Cao et al, 2022 ). Otherwise, little evidence has been found for T. reesei SOR gene cluster regulation, especially at the chromatin level, to guide sorbicillinoid biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A histone H3K9 methyltransferase Dim5 mediates repression of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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Sorbicillinoids (also termed yellow pigment) are derived from either marine or terrestrial fungi, exhibit various biological activities and therefore show potential as commercial products for human or animal health. The cellulolytic filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is capable to biosynthesize sorbicillinoids, but the underlying regulatory mechanism is not yet completely clear. Herein, we identified a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase, Dim5, in T. reesei. TrDIM5 deletion caused an impaired vegetative growth as well as conidiation, whereas the ∆Trdim5 strain displayed a remarkable increase in sorbicillinoid production. Post TrDIM5 deletion, the transcription of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis‐related (SOR) genes was significantly upregulated with a more open chromatin structure. Intriguingly, hardly any expression changes occurred amongst those genes located on both flanks of the SOR gene cluster. In addition, the assays provided evidence that H3K9 triple methylation (H3K9me3) modification acted as a repressive marker at the SOR gene cluster and thus directly mediated the repression of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis. Transcription factor Ypr1 activated the SOR gene cluster by antagonizing TrDim5‐mediated repression and therefore contributed to forming a relatively more open local chromatin environment, which further facilitated its binding and SOR gene expression. The results of this study will contribute to understanding the intricate regulatory network in sorbicillinoid biosynthesis and facilitate the endowment of T. reesei with preferred features for sorbicillinoid production by genetic engineering.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A histone H3K9 methyltransferase Dim5 mediates repression of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…An involvement of MAPkinases of T. reesei in regulation of secondary metabolism has not been tested previously. Sorbicillin production is connected to the regulation of cellulase gene expression and carbon catabolite repression in T. reesei 50,87,88 . Therefore, we assessed this function with a photometric screening for yellow pigments representing mainly sorbicillin derivatives, which show a typical light absorbance maximum close to 370 nm.…”

Section: Mapkinases Regulate Cellulase Transcription and Secreted Act...mentioning

confidence: 99%

MAPkinases regulate secondary metabolism, sexual development and light dependent cellulase regulation in Trichoderma reesei

Schalamun

Beier

Hinterdobler

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a prolific producer of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, which are regulated in response to diverse environmental signals for optimal adaptation, but also produces a wide array of secondary metabolites. Available carbon source and light are the strongest cues currently known to impact secreted enzyme levels and an interplay with regulation of secondary metabolism became increasingly obvious in recent years. While cellulase regulation is already known to be modulated by different mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the relevance of the light signal, which is transmitted by this pathway in other fungi as well, is still unknown in T. reesei as are interconnections to secondary metabolism and chemical communication under mating conditions. Here we show that MAPkinases differentially influence cellulase regulation in light and darkness and that the Hog1 homologue TMK3, but not TMK1 or TMK2 are required for the chemotropic response to glucose in T. reesei. Additionally, MAPkinases regulate production of specific secondary metabolites including trichodimerol and bisorbibutenolid, a bioactive compound with cytostatic effect on cancer cells and deterrent effect on larvae, under conditions facilitating mating, which reflects a defect in chemical communication. Strains lacking either of the MAPkinases become female sterile, indicating the conservation of the role of MAPkinases in sexual fertility also in T. reesei. In summary, our findings substantiate the previously detected interconnection of cellulase regulation with regulation of secondary metabolism as well as the involvement of MAPkinases in light dependent gene regulation of cellulase and secondary metabolite genes in fungi.

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“…Among them, the mangrove-derived fungal genus Trichoderma produces a diverse array of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, polyketides, terpenoids, phenols, lactones, and various hybrids of the aforementioned classes [2][3][4][5][6]. Sorbicillinoids, a marker secondary metabolite of Trichoderma reesei (T. reesei), have a characteristic sorbyl side chain and a cyclic hexaketide nucleus in the structures [7,8]. Since sorbicillin was first discovered from Penicillium notatum in 1948, more than 100 analogs of sorbicillinoids have been reported and they can be classified into monomeric-, bi-, tri-, and hybrid sorbicillinoids by the number of sorbicillinoid construction units [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sorbicillinoids, a marker secondary metabolite of Trichoderma reesei ( T . reesei ), have a characteristic sorbyl side chain and a cyclic hexaketide nucleus in the structures [ 7 , 8 ]. Since sorbicillin was first discovered from Penicillium notatum in 1948, more than 100 analogs of sorbicillinoids have been reported and they can be classified into monomeric-, bi-, tri-, and hybrid sorbicillinoids by the number of sorbicillinoid construction units [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Sorbicillinoids from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma reesei SCNU-F0042

Li,

Chen,

et al. 2023

Marine Drugs

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Three new dimeric sorbicillinoids (1–3) and one new 3,4,6-trisubstituted α-pyrone (5), along with seven analogues (4 and 6–11), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Trichoderma reesei SCNU-F0042 under the guidance of molecular networking approach. Their chemical structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR HR-ESI-MS and ECD analysis. In a bioassay, compound 2 exhibited moderate SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory activity with an EC50 value of 29.0 μM.

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Dual Regulatory Role of Chromatin Remodeler ISW1 in Coordinating Cellulase and Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

A histone H3K9 methyltransferase Dim5 mediates repression of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

A histone H3K9 methyltransferase Dim5 mediates repression of sorbicillinoid biosynthesis in Trichoderma reesei

MAPkinases regulate secondary metabolism, sexual development and light dependent cellulase regulation in Trichoderma reesei

New Sorbicillinoids from the Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma reesei SCNU-F0042

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