Dual roles of sub-nanometer NiO in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction: breaking the Volmer limitation and optimizing d-orbital electronic configuration

Abstract

Pt-based nanoclusters toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remain the most promising electrocatalysts. However, the sluggish alkaline Volmer-step kinetic and the high-cost hampered progress in developing high-performance HER catalysts. Herein, we...

Rapid carbothermal shocking fabrication of iron-incorporated molybdenum oxide with heterogeneous spin states for enhanced overall water/seawater splitting

“…3,4 At present, Ptbased catalysts are more suitable for electrocatalytic hydrogen production due to their near-zero DG H* , but their high price has hindered their wide application in electrocatalytic water/ seawater splitting. 5,6 In fact, due to the complexity of natural seawater (complex metal ions and Cl À ), direct seawater electrolysis also faces many technical problems, such as the stability of catalysts, and the easy destruction of active sites. Actually, alkaline conditions are necessary to suppress the chlorine evolution reaction (CER) and achieve highly selective seawater electrolysis.…”

Optimizing Intermediate Adsorption on Pt Sites via Triple-Phase Interface Electronic Exchange for Methanol Oxidation

“…Therefore, significant efforts have been devoted to heterogeneous interfacial engineering for designing highly efficient Pt-based electrocatalysts. − By selecting the appropriate active materials to couple with Pt metal, strong electronic and/or chemical interaction could be achieved at the interface, thus optimizing the adsorption ability for Pt sites. − Meanwhile, the additional active sites provided by coupled materials also allow separate reaction steps for the electrochemical process. , For MOR catalysis, the post-transition metal oxide of tin oxide (SnO 2 ) with high stability in acid/alkaline electrolyte media has been proved to modulate the electronic occupation of Pt d-orbits by constructing Pt/SnO 2 interface and thus optimizes the adsorption ability toward reaction intermediates on Pt sites. − Meanwhile, the SnO 2 with strong OH* adsorption ability also facilitates the formation of adsorbed OH* species via dissociative adsorption of water at low potentials and subsequently proceeds the bifunctional mechanism to oxidize and remove the adsorbed CO* on Pt sites. − However, due to the strong adsorption ability, the desorption of adsorbed OH* species from SnO 2 requires overcoming high energy barriers, which hinders the subsequent reaction with CO* and limits the removal of poisoning species on active sites, resulting in the insufficient antipoisoning ability of catalysts.…”

Small-Size Intermetallic FeMnPt Nanoparticles Electrocatalyst for HER Under Acidic and Alkaline Conditions

“…Pt-based intermetallic compounds can present ordered L 1 0 -phase and L 1 2 -phase, and these phases present periodic surface atomic arrangements and specific active site distributions. , The alloying elements with different radii can also reduce the d -band center of Pt through synergistic effects and lattice strain, which improve the adsorption and desorption of intermediates in the electrocatalytic process. − Therefore, the ordered Pt-based intermetallic nanoparticles (NPs) show promising activity and stability for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and so on. − Achieving the same activity as the 0.23 mg Pt/cm 2 loading Pt/C catalyst only requires about 0.02 mg L 1 0 -PtCo when electrocatalytic ORR is performed in an acidic solution, and the dosage of the precious metal Pt can be reduced to about 8.70% . In addition, the ORR stability of carbon-supported L 1 2 -Pt 3 Co is 5.5 times that of Pt/C .…”