“Dual State”, “Double-Perspective” and “Cartesian-Like Dualism” Are Three Forms of Dualisms Emerging in Mind Like in a Matrioska

Abstract

After a long time, people are still debating over "Cartesian-like Dualism" (CLD), i.e. towards the separation of "res-extensa" from "res-cogitans". Since we suspect that this is due to a general attraction of mind towards the darkness of metaphysics, we have investigated the mental origin of this attraction. In human mind, we can envisage three different functional levels emerging one from the other like in a Matrioska; the three levels cause the arousal of as many forms of "dualisms": 1) The 1 st-level corresponds to the "Dual-state" of mind, an archetypic dualism made of Unconscious Mind (UM, the domain of biophysical/biochemical signals) and Conscious Mind (CM, the domain of thoughts, images and sounds), genetically committed to reciprocal and fruitful interactions. 2) the 2 nd-level corresponds to "Double-perspective" dualism; it emerges from CM's splitting into two opposite perspectives: the 1 st-order perspective (1PP) (subjective, emotional, Self-oriented, etc.) and the 3 rd-order perspective (3PP) (rational, objective, Self-detached, etc.), that are in psychological contraposition. During individual growth, Ego-sense installs in CM with the illusion of possessing FW, and dominates 1PP. Conversely, 3PP is typically interested in scientific argumentations and investigations; so, 3PP confutes 1PP's convictions on scientific bases (e.g. 1PP's conviction that the binomial Ego-FW is real). Yet, on the one hand, 3PP hasn't got a scientific alternative to explain "who we really are", on the other hand, 1PP exhibits a great success in everyday life cognition. Then, we necessarily step over the dualism of the 3 rd-level, "Cartesian-like Dualism" (CLD). The emotional origin of this CLD holds back 1PP's trick to claim its supremacy over 3PP.

Human Life is Like a Virtual Game with an Evolutionary Aim

“…In the philosophy of mind, this dualism was so beloved by many philosophers, since Plato up until now; in the attempt of discovering the truth, we analysed the mechanism of its ontology in CM. We concluded that the binomial Ego-FW is an illusion installed in CM that apparently causes a mess of false information, e. g. the belief of deciding actions independently, at will [17]. In summary, we have seen that the representation in the mind of the outer world is flawed and virtual.…”