Dual System for Enhancing Cognitive Abilities of Children with ADHD Using Leap Motion and eye-Tracking Technologies

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that affects with development or functioning. It affects 3-5% of all American and European children. The objective of this paper is to develop and test a dual system for the rehabilitation of cognitive functions in children with ADHD. A technological platform has been developed using the ". NET framework", which makes use of two physiological sensors, -an eye-tracker and a hand gesture recognition sensor- in order to provide children with the opportunity to develop their learning and attention skills. The two physiological sensors we utilized for the development are the Tobii X1 Light Eye Tracker and the Leap Motion. SUS and QUIS questionnaires have been carried out. 19 users tested the system and the average age was 10.88 years (SD = 3.14). The results obtained after tests were performed were quite positive and hopeful. The learning of the users caused by the system and the interfaces item got a high punctuation with a mean of 7.34 (SD = 1.06) for SUS questionnaire and 7.73 (SD = 0.6) for QUIS questionnaire. We didn't find differences between boys and girls. The developed multimodal rehabilitation system can help to children with attention deficit and learning issues. Moreover, the teachers may utilize this system to track the progression of their students and see their behavior.

Effectiveness of Assessment, Diagnostic and Intervention ICT Tools for Children and Adolescents with ADHD

“…Garcia-Zapirain et al [21] claim that the learning ability of children with ADHD is enhanced through movement and gestures, so they experimented on a system that supports gestures and hand-eye coordination as well. They developed a technological platform with the use of "Net Framework".…”

“…The gesture based interaction also proved promising as another option, different from the traditional math-solving process, offering the users great entertainment amongst the others. Garcia-Zapirain et al [21] believe that the dual sensory pattern they experimented on, could serve as a successful basis for further games, exercises or puzzle activities, given that attention and learning ability were significantly improved.…”

What is the level of evidence for the use of currently available technologies in facilitating the self-management of difficulties associated with ADHD in children and young people? A systematic review

“…Society is also better connected with an estimated 46% of the worldwide population having an internet connection compared with 1% in 1995 [24]. As a result of this, a number of attempts have been made to harness technology to help manage ADHD in children and YP such as eye tracking [25], brain computer interface [26,27] and a computerised test that quantifies ADHD core symptoms; the QbTest [28]. Technology has also been used for cognitive training in children and YP with ADHD [29].…”

Gaze-Contingent Eye-Tracking Training in Brain Disorders: A Systematic Review

“…Sample sizes were relatively small in the majority of the studies: only five studies included more than fifty subjects [ 25 , 36 , 39 , 46 , 48 ]; ten had 25–50 subjects [ 28 , 29 , 32 , 34 , 37 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 ]; and seven had 10–25 subjects [ 30 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 38 , 40 , 42 ].…”

“…The majority of the included studies are described in this section (14/24). In particular, ET-based training programs were developed to address the following populations: typically developing infants [ 44 , 45 ]; infants at familial risk for ADHD [ 41 ] or with an overt diagnosis of ADHD [ 30 , 31 , 37 , 42 ]; children with RS [ 34 , 35 , 39 ]; children with ASD [ 25 , 36 ]; and very preterm infants [ 40 , 49 ].…”