Dual-task treadmill walking at self-paced versus fixed speeds

Kao, Pei-Chun; Pierro, Michaela A.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.07.001

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Action patterns in the two-task context tend to be automated, reducing the impact of limited attentional resources on postural control 35 . Dual-task training enhanced patients’ functional migration ability by improving gait and reducing the risk of falling 36 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Dual-task training enhanced patients' functional migration ability by improving gait and reducing the risk of falling. 36 Balance refers to the ability of the human body to maintain a specific stable position or to automatically adjust and maintain the stability of the position in the face of sudden changes in motion. 37 This study showed that dual-task training had no significant effect on raising stroke patients' balance function, which may be due to dual-task interference occurs when the human body simultaneously performs cognitive tasks and motor tasks, resulting in changes in the performance of one or both tasks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: A updated meta-analysis

Shu

Bi²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Am J Phys Med Rehabil

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Objective: The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dual-task training on gait and balance improvement in stroke patients. Design: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, CINAHL, CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2021, for randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of dual-task training on gait and balance intervention in stroke patients. Results: A total of 17 studies with 575 stroke patients that compared the efficacy and safety of dual-task training with those of conventional physical therapy or single-task training were included in this metaanalysis. The meta-analysis showed that the data were as follows under the dual-task training: step length

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: A updated meta-analysis

Shu

Bi²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Am J Phys Med Rehabil

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“…One of the strengths of this paradigm is the ease with which cognitive-motor demands can by adjusted by changing the difficulty of the cognitive task, the motor task, or both. Fixed-speed treadmill walking at a preferred pace represents one of the least intensive forms of walking (Kao & Pierro, 2021;Tomporowski & Audiffren, 2014), yet elicited dual-task costs to the cognitive performance of most older adults and even some younger adults in the present work. Titrating dual-task costs to gait variability could be accomplished by increasing difficulty of the cognitive task, or escalating motor demands with nonpreferred or variable walking paces, self-paced treadmill walking, or overground walking (Kao & Pierro, 2021;Tomporowski & Audiffren, 2014).…”

Section: Facilitation Of Gait Stability By a Simultaneous Cognitive Taskmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Fixed-speed treadmill walking delivers a consistent motor load on a highly predictable walking surface which reduces the need to monitor for obstacles or hazards. This predictability can be an asset to experimental design and analysis, but fixed-speed walking is less demanding than self-paced treadmill walking or the overground walking used in everyday life (Kao & Pierro, 2021). Characterizing how beneficial and costly dual-task effects manifest in real-world situations will likely require repeated experimentation across different walking and environmental conditions.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Proactive and Reactive Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults Underlies Performance Costs During Dual-Task Walking: A Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) Study

Richardson,

Foxe,

Freedman

2024

Preprint

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Age-related reductions in cognitive flexibility may limit modulation of control processes during systematic increases to cognitive-motor demands, exacerbating dual-task costs. In this study, behavioral and neurophysiologic changes to proactive and reactive control during progressive cognitive-motor demands were compared across older and younger adults to explore the basis for age-differences in cognitive-motor interference (CMI). 19 younger (19 - 29 years old, mean age = 22.84 +/- 2.75 years, 6 male, 13 female) and 18 older (60 - 77 years old, mean age = 67.89 +/- 4.60 years, 9 male, 9 female) healthy adults completed cued task-switching while alternating between sitting and walking on a treadmill. Gait kinematics, task performance measures, and brain activity were recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) based Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI). Response accuracy on easier trial types improved in younger, but not older adults when they walked while performing the cognitive task. As difficulty increased, walking provoked accuracy costs in older, but not younger adults. Both groups registered faster responses and reduced gait variability during dual-task walking. Older adults exhibited lower amplitude modulations of proactive and reactive neural activity as cognitive-motor demands systematically increased, which may reflect reduced flexibility for progressive preparatory and reactive adjustments over behavioral control.

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“…This method is basically putting the cognitive load through using working memory. Second method is the auditory clock which is associated with visuospatial cognition ( Plummer-D’Amato et al, 2008 ; Kao and Pierro, 2021 ; Plummer et al, 2021 ). In this method, the participant hears a time (e.g., ‘‘two-oh-seven’’) and are asked to say ‘‘yes’’ if both hands are in a particular half of the clock and ‘‘no’’ if they are not.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Fall Risk Factors in Stroke Survivors: Towards Improved Assessment Platforms and Protocols

Abdollahi

Whitton

Zand

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Background/Purpose: To prevent falling, a common incident with debilitating health consequences among stroke survivors, it is important to identify significant fall risk factors (FRFs) towards developing and implementing predictive and preventive strategies and guidelines. This review provides a systematic approach for identifying the relevant FRFs and shedding light on future directions of research.Methods: A systematic search was conducted in 5 popular research databases. Studies investigating the FRFs in the stroke community were evaluated to identify the commonality and trend of FRFs in the relevant literature.Results: twenty-seven relevant articles were reviewed and analyzed spanning the years 1995–2020. The results confirmed that the most common FRFs were age (21/27, i.e., considered in 21 out of 27 studies), gender (21/27), motion-related measures (19/27), motor function/impairment (17/27), balance-related measures (16/27), and cognitive impairment (11/27). Among these factors, motion-related measures had the highest rate of significance (i.e., 84% or 16/19). Due to the high commonality of balance/motion-related measures, we further analyzed these factors. We identified a trend reflecting that subjective tools are increasingly being replaced by simple objective measures (e.g., 10-m walk), and most recently by quantitative measures based on detailed motion analysis.Conclusion: There remains a gap for a standardized systematic approach for selecting relevant FRFs in stroke fall risk literature. This study provides an evidence-based methodology to identify the relevant risk factors, as well as their commonalities and trends. Three significant areas for future research on post stroke fall risk assessment have been identified: 1) further exploration the efficacy of quantitative detailed motion analysis; 2) implementation of inertial measurement units as a cost-effective and accessible tool in clinics and beyond; and 3) investigation of the capability of cognitive-motor dual-task paradigms and their association with FRFs.

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Dual-task treadmill walking at self-paced versus fixed speeds

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: A updated meta-analysis

Effect of dual-task training on gait and balance in stroke patients: A updated meta-analysis

Reduced Proactive and Reactive Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults Underlies Performance Costs During Dual-Task Walking: A Mobile Brain/Body Imaging (MoBI) Study

A Systematic Review of Fall Risk Factors in Stroke Survivors: Towards Improved Assessment Platforms and Protocols

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