Ducted fuel injection: Numerical study of soot formation and oxidation using detailed soot modeling approach in a compression ignition engine at different loads

Şener, Ramazan

doi:10.1007/s40430-021-03356-z

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Svensson and Martin 16 declared that DFI significantly reduces the soot emissions while increasing the ignition delay and reducing the combustion duration. S xener 17,18 investigated numerically using a compression ignition engine for different duct sizes 17 and engine loads 18 and found that the DFI method increases the ignition delay and decreases the combustion duration. Liu et al 19 examined numerically using a CVCV and found that the DFI method increases the lift-off length and ignition delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Investigation of Engine Heat Transfer with Ducted Fuel Injection

Şener

Nilsen

Biles

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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Ducted fuel injection (DFI) is an innovative method that curtails or prevents soot formation in direct-injection compression-ignition engines. DFI uses a simple duct, positioned outside each injector hole, facilitating the fuel/charge gas mixing before ignition. This reduces the equivalence ratio below two, in the autoignition zone, which in turn decreases soot formation. But this method also reduces fuel-conversion efficiency. This study investigates the effects of DFI on in-cylinder heat transfer. Experiments with conventional diesel combustion (CDC) and DFI were performed at four different dilution levels. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were carried out at conditions matching those of the experiments, and the simulations were validated by the experimental data. The CFD simulations enabled to examine of in-cylinder heat release and temperature distributions. The heat transfer to the piston, head, and cylinder was investigated. The results show that DFI increased the heat transfer to the walls compared to CDC under the same conditions. This could help explain why DFI has been observed to reduce fuel-conversion efficiency by approximately 1% (absolute) relative to CDC under certain conditions. The efficiency loss typically decreases with dilution, such that DFI can improve fuel-conversion efficiencies relative to CDC at higher dilution levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Investigation of Engine Heat Transfer with Ducted Fuel Injection

Şener

Nilsen

Biles

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on early successes, multiple research groups have begun to investigate DFI both experimentally 1,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and computationally. 7,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27] A number of studies have investigated the impact of duct geometry on DFI combustion in pressure vessels [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]18,26 and engines. [14][15][16][17]19,20,28 Figure 1 shows important geometric parameters in DFI, including the duct inlet and exit shape, the duct inner diameter (D), the duct length (L), and the gap distance between the injector orifice and the duct inlet (G).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on early successes, multiple research groups have begun to investigate DFI both experimentally 1,6–21 and computationally. 7,19,22–27…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric evaluation of ducted fuel injection in an optically accessible mixing-controlled compression-ignition engine with two- and four-duct assemblies

Yraguen

Steinberg

Nilsen

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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Ducted fuel injection (DFI) is a strategy to improve fuel/charge-gas mixing in direct-injection compression-ignition engines. DFI involves injecting fuel along the axis of a small tube in the combustion chamber, which promotes the formation of locally leaner mixtures in the autoignition zone relative to conventional diesel combustion. Previous work has demonstrated that DFI is effective at curtailing engine-out soot emissions across a wide range of operating conditions. This study extends previous investigations, presenting engine-out emissions and efficiency trends between ducted two-orifice and ducted four-orifice injector tip configurations. For each configuration, parameters investigated include injection pressure, injection duration, intake manifold pressure, intake manifold temperature, start of combustion timing, and intake-oxygen mole fraction. For both configurations and across all parameters, DFI reduced engine-out soot emissions compared to conventional diesel combustion, with little effect on other emissions and engine efficiency. Emissions trends for both configurations were qualitatively the same across the parameters investigated. The four-duct configuration had higher thermal efficiency and indicated-specific engine-out nitrogen oxide emissions but lower indicated-specific engine-out hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions than the two-duct assembly. Both configurations achieved indicated-specific engine-out emissions for both soot and nitrogen oxides that comply with current on- and off-road heavy-duty regulations in the United States without exhaust-gas aftertreatment at an intake-oxygen mole fraction of 12%. High-speed in-cylinder imaging of natural soot luminosity shows that some conditions include a second soot-production phase late in the cycle. The probability of these late-cycle events is sensitive to both the number of ducted sprays and the operating conditions.

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Evaluation of the ducted fuel injection concept for medium duty engines and multi-hole nozzles: An optical analysis

Pastor,

Micó,

Lewiski

et al. 2024

Applied Energy

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Ducted fuel injection: Numerical study of soot formation and oxidation using detailed soot modeling approach in a compression ignition engine at different loads

Cited by 14 publications

References 58 publications

A Computational Investigation of Engine Heat Transfer with Ducted Fuel Injection

A Computational Investigation of Engine Heat Transfer with Ducted Fuel Injection

Parametric evaluation of ducted fuel injection in an optically accessible mixing-controlled compression-ignition engine with two- and four-duct assemblies

Evaluation of the ducted fuel injection concept for medium duty engines and multi-hole nozzles: An optical analysis

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