“…Recently, there has been increasing attention to scheduling problems involving both controllable processing times and learning effects (see [15,19,20,34,35]). Yin and Wang [39] considered single machine scheduling problem with controllable processing times and learning effects, i.e., the actual processing time P j of job J j in position r is P j (x j , r) = (p j −x j )r a , where p j is normal processing time of J j , x j is compression of the processing time of job J j , 0 ≤ x j ≤ m j , m j is maximum reduction in processing time of job J j , and a ≤ 0 is a learning effect.…”