Dunning-Kruger Effect

TenEyck, Lisa

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-0143-9_20

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In addition, we were not able to quantify the potential of a Dunning–Kruger effect (theory of an inverse relationship between confidence and competence) in terms of self-perceived clinical competency and actual competency. 38,39 Furthermore, self-assessment of one's own competence has its own limitations and potential biases and may not be reflective of actual competency or performance. However, evidence consistently supports improved first time pass rates on specialty board examinations for residency-trained PTs compared with non–residency-trained PTs (87% vs 73%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Clinical Competency and Job Responsibilities of Physical Therapists With and Without Postprofessional Training

Briggs,

Gulla,

Howald

et al. 2023

JOPTE

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Introduction. Understanding how educational pathways may influence clinical competence and work responsibilities is important in providing guidance to academic and clinic stakeholders and physical therapists (PTs) on PT career development. The purpose of this paper was to compare perceived clinical competency and job duties between PTs with formal mentored postprofessional clinical education with PTs without formal postprofessional clinical education. Review of Literature. The understanding of self-perceived clinical competence of PTs overall in the United States is limited, especially as related to the impact of postprofessional education. Furthermore, there is limited understanding of the career pathways and development of job duties of PTs in the United States. Subjects. Two thousand three hundred thirty-four PTs in the United States. Methods. An online survey was sent to licensed PTs. This survey included items measuring self-perceived clinical competency and questions related to weekly job responsibilities. Participants were categorized as residency trained, fellowship trained, or non–residency/fellowship trained. Frequency analyses and Kruskal–Wallis tests with pairwise post hoc tests were performed comparing the 3 groups. Results. Residency-trained (P < .007) and fellowship-trained (P < .001) groups demonstrated elements of higher self-perceived clinical competency compared with the non–residency-/fellowship-trained group. Both the residency- and fellowship-trained groups spent less time with patient care and more time with other responsibilities (e.g., teaching, mentoring, and research) (P < .02) during an average workweek. Fellowship-trained PTs (P < .001) spent more time with administrative duties compared with the non–residency-/fellowship-trained group. Discussion and Conclusion. Results from this paper demonstrate that residency- and fellowship-trained PTs have elements of higher self-perceived clinical competency and spend more of their job duties outside of direct patient care compared with PTs who were not residency or fellowship trained. These results may help guide PTs, academic institutions, and employers in planning and achieving specific career paths.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Clinical Competency and Job Responsibilities of Physical Therapists With and Without Postprofessional Training

Briggs,

Gulla,

Howald

et al. 2023

JOPTE

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The Dunning‒Kruger effect in resident predicted and actual performance on the American Board of Emergency Medicine in‐training examination

Gaeta,

Reisdorff,

Barton

et al. 2024

JACEP Open

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ObjectivesThe Dunning–Kruger effect (DKE) is a cognitive bias wherein individuals who are unskilled overestimate their abilities, while those who are skilled tend to underestimate their capabilities. The purpose of this investigation is to determine if the DKE exists among American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) in‐training examination (ITE) participants.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross‐sectional survey of residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)‐accredited emergency medicine (EM) residency programs. All residents who took the 2022 ABEM ITE were eligible for inclusion. Residents from international programs, residents in combined training programs, and those who did not complete the voluntary post‐ITE survey were excluded. Half of the residents taking the ITE were asked to predict their self‐assessment of performance (percent correct), and the other half were asked to predict their performance relative to peers at the same level of training (quintile estimate). Pearson's correlation (r) was used for parametric interval data comparisons and a Spearman's coefficient (ρ) was determined for quintile‐to‐quintile comparisons.ResultsA total of 7568 of 8918 (84.9%) residents completed their assigned survey question. A total of 3694 residents completed self‐assessment (mean predicted percentage correct 67.4% and actual 74.6%), with a strong positive correlation (Pearson's r 0.58, p < 0.001). There was also a strong positive correlation (Spearman's ρ 0.53, p < 0.001) for the 3874 residents who predicted their performance compared to peers. Of these, 8.5% of residents in the first (lowest) quintile and 15.7% of residents in the fifth (highest) quintile correctly predicted their performance compared to peers.ConclusionsEM residents demonstrated accurate self‐assessment of their performance on the ABEM ITE; however, the DKE was present when comparing their self‐assessments to their peers. Lower‐performing residents tended to overestimate their performance, with the most significant DKE observed among the lowest‐performing residents. The highest‐performing residents tended to underestimate their relative performance.

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