Durability investigation of carbon nanotube as catalyst support for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Wang, Xin; Li, Wenzhen; Chen, Zhongwei; Waje, Mahesh; Yan, Yushan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.09.039

Cited by 602 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In both fuel cell types, nanoparticles on Vulcan support aggregated to larger particles to more extent than nanoparticles on the tubular supports. It mainly occurs due to the corrosion of Vulcan support in fuel cell condition [79]. Previously, our in-situ FTIR measurements also verified that the corrosion of carbon black was considerably higher (5-times) than the GNFs in a PEM fuel cell [54].…”

Section: Fuel Cell Performance Of Ptru-cnmssupporting

confidence: 80%

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

Borghei

Azcune

Carrasco

et al. 2014

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) are great candidates for portable power source applications. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics are key challenges in DMFC technology. The state-of-the-art electrocatalysts are Pt-based catalysts supported on carbon black. However, the high price of Pt, corrosion of carbon support and Pt degradation are the main problems.In this thesis, carbon nanomaterials, namely few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNTs) and graphitized nanofibers (GNFs) were used as catalyst supports in the search for stable and durable catalysts. PtRu nanocatalysts with similar particle size and composition were synthesized and deposited on FWCNTs and GNFs. The electrochemical activities for methanol oxidation were compared with that of PtRu-carbon black in acidic conditions. The half-cell electrochemical measurements revealed higher activity with PtRu-GNFs and PtRu-FWCNTs. Later, the electrocatalysts were tested in macro-and micro-DMFC. The results revealed the significant influence of the catalyst support, inomer contect, electrode structure, preparation method, as well as the fuel cell architecture on the performance of a specific electrode material. The results also highlighted the necessity of electrode composition optimization when applying new materials at the electrodes, in order to achieve the best activity and durability for a certain electrocatalyst.A special effort was also done to achieve Pt-free electrocatalysts with high activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by introducing nitrogen heteroatoms in carbon nanomaterials, namely FWCNTs and graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs). N-FWCNTs exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity for ORR in alkaline media, despite their very low nitrogen content (~0.5 at.%). N-FWCNTs performed on par or better than a commercial Pt-C at the cathode of an alkaline DMFC. The N-GNPs exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic activity for ORR compared to pristine GNPs in alkaline media. The results indicated that N-doped carbon nanomaterials could be promising alternatives to their Pt counterparts to reduce fuel cell costs. However, further investigations are necessary to ascertain the real active sites in order to design more efficient and durable ORR electrocatalysts.Keywords Carbon nanomaterials, PtRu catalysts, nitrogen-doping, direct methanol fuel cell ISBN (printed) 978-952-60-6140-5 ISBN (pdf) 978-952-60-6141-2

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Section: Fuel Cell Performance Of Ptru-cnmssupporting

confidence: 80%

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

Borghei

Azcune

Carrasco

et al. 2014

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, this oxidation process can also lead to changes in the hydrophobicity of the support surface impeding reactant flow to the electrode [138].…”

Section: Support Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, various types of nanocarbon supports have been introduced to replace carbon black due to their increased tolerance for carbon corrosion in ex situ measurements [138][139][140] that could increase the lifetime of the catalyst in DAFCs, however, durability studies in fuel cells are still very limited [2]. Moreover, because the metal nanoparticles are bound to the surface of the support material an interaction effect between them is likely to occur [135]: the support material can modify the electronic character of the metal particles affecting the reaction characteristics and could also modify the geometric shape of the catalyst particles.…”

Section: Support Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation of electrochemical and fuel cell results for alcohol oxidation in acidic and alkaline media

Santasalo-Aarnio

Tuomi

Jalkanen

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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“…Due to their appealing properties in this regard, many alternative carbon nanostructures have been explored to replace the carbon black usually employed as the catalyst support [3]: single-walled [4][5] and multi-walled [6][7] [8] carbon nanotubes, graphitized carbon nanofibers [9], fullerenes [10] [11], carbon nanohorns [12] and mesoporous carbon [13] [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Nafion content in a graphitized carbon nanofiber-based anode for the direct methanol fuel cell

Kanninen

Borghei

Ruiz

et al. 2012

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The performance and stability of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) using different Nafion ® contents (30, 50 and 70 wt % or MEA30, MEA50 and MEA70, respectively) and graphitized carbon nanofiber (GNF) supported PtRu catalyst at the anode was investigated by a constant current measurement of 9 days (230 h) in a DMFC and characterization with various techniques before and after this measurement. Of the pristine MEAs, MEA50 reached the highest power and current densities. During the 9-day measurement at a constant current, the performance of MEA30 decreased the most (-124 µV h -1 ), while the MEA50 was almost stable (-11 µV h -1 ) and performance of MEA70 improved (+115 µV h -1 ). After the measurement, the MEA50 remained the best MEA in terms of performance. The optimum anode Nafion content for commercial Vulcan carbon black supported PtRu catalysts is between 20 and 40 wt %, so the GNF-supported catalyst requires more Nafion to reach its peak power. This difference is explained by the tubular geometry of the catalyst support, which requires more Nafion to form a penetrating proton conductive network than the spherical Vulcan.Mass transfer limitations are mitigated by the porous 3D structure of the GNF catalyst layer and possible changes in the compact Nafion filled catalyst layers during constant current production.2

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Durability investigation of carbon nanotube as catalyst support for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Cited by 602 publications

References 14 publications

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

Nitrogen-doped graphene with enhanced oxygen reduction activity produced by pyrolysis of graphene functionalized with imidazole derivatives

The correlation of electrochemical and fuel cell results for alcohol oxidation in acidic and alkaline media

The effect of Nafion content in a graphitized carbon nanofiber-based anode for the direct methanol fuel cell

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