Durability of ceramic filters in hot gas filtration

Eriksson, Timo; Isaksson, Juhani; Ståhlberg, Pekka; Kurkela, Esa; Helanti, Vesa

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(93)90060-o

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Hot gas filters need to operate reliably for more than 10 000 h, maintaining particulate removal efficiencies and a high flow capacity . According to many test results, however, the filters often break or become fragile after less than 1000 operation hours . In these applications, damages may occur because of the two key reasons caused by the severe thermal or mechanical stresses and the aggressive gasification environments at high temperatures.…”

Section: Hot Gas Filtration In Biomass Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, a too-strong cleaning pulse and a degradation of the filter due to a repeated cold cleaning pulse are considered to be the most common causes of the thermal or mechanical stresses in ceramic filters. − She et al evaluated the thermal shock behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic filters by the water-quenching technique, which showed that the residual strength of the quenched SiC ceramics decreases gradually with increases in the quenching temperature and specimen thickness, but the fracture strength of the quenched specimens was not affected by the increase of quenching cycles. Kitaoka et al tested the thermal shock fatigue resistance of cordierite and SiC filters under simulated pulse cleaning conditions.…”

Section: Hot Gas Filtration In Biomass Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mini-Review on Hot Gas Filtration in Biomass Gasification: Focusing on Ceramic Filter Candles

et al. 2021

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Biomass gasification is increasingly attracting interest in the research of biorenewable energy all over the world, as a carbon-neutral supplement to the conventional fossil energy. It can convert biomass to the burnable producer gas for heat and power production or synthesis of fuels and chemicals. However, its commercial applications are seriously interfered by the minor but unavoidable contaminants or impurities in the raw product gas, which cause severe problems in the downstream equipment. This paper reviews the recent progress on the hot gas filtration technologies for removing particulate matters (PMs) and tars from the biomass-derived product gas, focusing on ceramic filter candles, which are widely applied in the biomass gasification systems. Developments of PM characterization, hot gas catalytic filtration, and oxidative filtration as well as the numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics in hot gas filtration are summarized in detail. It also critically discusses the major challenges and future opportunities in hot gas filtration and concludes that the combined oxidative filtration and catalytic filtration with highly efficient catalyst at moderate temperatures (<600 °C) should be the most economical option for the widespread commercial small-scale biomass gasification systems.

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Section: Hot Gas Filtration In Biomass Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hot Gas Filtration In Biomass Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review on Hot Gas Filtration in Biomass Gasification: Focusing on Ceramic Filter Candles

et al. 2021

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“…SOx and HCl reduce the efficiency of the catalyst and break off catalyst from filter by reaction with the filter. Especially, either a too strong cleaning pulse or degradation of the filter due to a repeated cold cleaning pulse are considered to be the most general reasons for failures in filters [2][3]. So, we need to study the effect of the operating process on durability of filters to develop a filter that has high durability and stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of Ceramic Filter for Hot Gas Cleaning

Shin

Sun

Lee

et al. 2006

KEM

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A porous filter was manufactured using cordierite powder by an extrusion method. The filter had an apparent porosity of 58% and a compressive strength of 10 MPa. Pulse cleaning process affected the durability of the filter. We investigated the effect of operating conditions of a hot gas cleaning system using ceramic filter, thermal shock and pressure shock on durability. When pulse cleaning was repeated periodically, the baseline differential pressure was relatively higher. On the other hand, when we repeated pulse cleaning per specific maximum differential pressure we could improve the durability of the filter. In our test conditions, thermal shock is the most important factor decreasing the durability of the filter. Pressure shock didn’t deteriorate the durability of the filter. However thermal shock caused the formation of cracks at the filter surface. This will lead to an increasing of the baseline differential pressure by depth filtration of dust and decrease the durability of the filter.

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“…1,2 Particles and dust need to be removed from the product gas in order to prevent erosion damage of the gas turbine and to meet environmental regulations. [3][4][5] Direct hot gas filtering instead of conventional technologies based on cyclones and wet gas cleaning would simplify the power generation process, increase the overall efficiency of the plant 6 and help to meet environmental regulations. 4 Ceramic candle filters have satisfactory pressure drop and filtration efficiency, however an aggressive processing environment typically containing water vapour and alkalis together with elevated temperature has been found to cause microstructural changes in all common hot gas filter materials, including oxide, non-oxide and mixed oxide ceramics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5] Direct hot gas filtering instead of conventional technologies based on cyclones and wet gas cleaning would simplify the power generation process, increase the overall efficiency of the plant 6 and help to meet environmental regulations. 4 Ceramic candle filters have satisfactory pressure drop and filtration efficiency, however an aggressive processing environment typically containing water vapour and alkalis together with elevated temperature has been found to cause microstructural changes in all common hot gas filter materials, including oxide, non-oxide and mixed oxide ceramics. 7,8 Crystallisation of amorphous binder, oxidation of SiC and softening of glassy phases have been found to affect filtration efficiency, long term reliability, strength and creep properties of the filters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural determination in some SiC based hot gas filter materials

Pastila¹,

Helanti²,

Nikkilä³

et al. 2005

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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Insufficient reliability of hot gas filter materials is among the main obstacles to the replacement of traditional power generation processes with advanced, more efficient coal or biomass based routes. Knowledge of the effects of water vapour and thermal transients on microstructure and its relation to the mechanical properties of filter materials is important for understanding the material degradation process in complex operating environments, for lifetime prediction and for further materials development. In the present study, the microstructure of two advanced, commercially available SiC based clay bonded filters was characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a quantitative X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Porosity, density and thermal expansion coefficient of the materials were determined. The quantitative XRD method specially developed for the materials studied is described in detail. Apparent densities and coefficients of thermal expansion calculated from the determined phase compositions of the two filters were in agreement with measured values.

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Durability of ceramic filters in hot gas filtration

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Mini-Review on Hot Gas Filtration in Biomass Gasification: Focusing on Ceramic Filter Candles

Mini-Review on Hot Gas Filtration in Biomass Gasification: Focusing on Ceramic Filter Candles

Durability of Ceramic Filter for Hot Gas Cleaning

Microstructural determination in some SiC based hot gas filter materials

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