Durability of Silicate Glasses: An Historical Approach

Farges, François; Etcheverry, Marie-Pierre; Haddi, A.; Trocellier, P.; Curti, Enzo; Brown, Gordon E.

doi:10.1063/1.2644427

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…2, the repeatability of the size of Mg nanoparticles which fabricated under each partial pressures of He is not obtained. In the (A)-(a)1 spectrum for small amount of deposition the peak associated with the chemical state of MgCO 3 [8] can be seen clearly, but in the (A)-(a)2 spectrum for large amount of deposition the peak of MgCO 3 is not seen clearly and the peak of MgO is significant. In the (A)-(b) spectrum the peak associated with the chemical state of Mg bulk can be observed.…”

Section: Results and Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnesium Nanoparticle by Gas Evaporation Method

Ogawa

Niwa

Nomoto³

et al. 2010

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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We have fabricated the Mg nanoparticles by the gas evaporation method. The AFM observation shows Mg nanoparticles fabricated under the several gas pressures of He have the average diameter of 3.6 nm to 8.0 nm. We have studied the influence of the atmospheric oxidation for the chemical state of the Mg nanoparticles by the Mg K-edge NEXAFS technique. The NEXAFS measurement shows that the chemical state of MgCO3 exists on the most lateral surface of the Mg nanoparticles and the degree of atmospheric oxidation depends on the size of Mg nanoparticles.

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Section: Results and Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnesium Nanoparticle by Gas Evaporation Method

Ogawa

Niwa

Nomoto³

et al. 2010

e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotechnol.

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“…Moreover, the presence of Ni and Cr suggests an ultrabasic geochemical origin of the copper ore. Such origins also rule out the use of malachite …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microanalysis of blue pigments from the Ptolemaic temple of Hathor (Thebes), Upper Egypt: a case study

Mahmoud

2012

Surface & Interface Analysis

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The aim of the present work was to characterize blue pigment samples collected from the Ptolemaic temple of Hathor (Thebes), the western bank of Luxor, Upper Egypt. The characterization of the examined pigments was carried out by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray detector, micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. On the basis of the chemical composition and microstructure of the samples, the blue pigments were identified as Egyptian blue (cuprorivaite, CaCuSi 4 O 10 ). Moreover, the micro X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed significant quantities of lead in the glass phase suggesting that a leaded bronze scrap was used to produce the pigment. The optical examination of the paint layers showed that the pigments were applied on a thin layer consisting of gypsum (CaSO 4 2H 2 O) and dolomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ). In addition, some pigment samples showed discoloration mainly in the form of green and black hues. The obtained results helped in improving our knowledge about some painting materials used during the Ptolemaic era of ancient Egypt.

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“…Mobilization of unstable manganese ions causes the color of stained glass to turn brown or black by precipitation of secondary pyrolusite or hausmannite under the action of oxygen . Many authors have carried out detailed investigation of corrosion effects on historical glasses including Newton, Müller et al , Woisetschläger et al, Melcher and Schreiner, and many others.…”

Section: Composition Of Corroded Surface Layers Of Ancient Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEM (left) and μ‐XRF (right, 400×400 μm; false‐colored) images of the black crust of a corroded stained‐glass window of Notre Dame Cathedral, Strasbourg, France (Farges et al; Farges and Cotte). © Images courtesy of Prof. François Farge, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris…”

Section: Composition Of Corroded Surface Layers Of Ancient Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39 Mobilization of unstable manganese ions causes the color of stained glass to turn brown or black by precipitation of secondary pyrolusite or hausmannite under the action of oxygen. 25,[40][41][42] Many authors have carried out detailed investigation of corrosion effects on historical glasses including Newton, 43,44 M€ uller et al, 45 Woisetschl€ ager et al, 46 Melcher and Schreiner, 47 and many others. For example, Farges et al 40 studied corrosion features of stained-glass windows of the Tours basilica and the Notre Dame Cathedral of Strasbourg with l-XANES and l-XRF.…”

Section: Surface Layers Of Ancient Glassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weathering of ancient and medieval glasses—potential proxy for nuclear fuel waste glasses. A perennial challenge revisited

Heimann¹

2017

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

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Ancient and medieval glasses that have survived the deleterious attack of the environment for millennia have long since proposed as proxy to estimate and predict the corrosion mechanism of nuclear waste glasses. However, because both composition and environmental burial conditions vastly differ between hydrolytically less stable ancient glasses and modern advanced nuclear waste glasses, only semiquantitative conclusions can be drawn about the likely performance of the latter as longterm stable immobilization matrices for high-level radioactive nuclear waste. In this contribution, special emphasis has been devoted to the behavior of manganese, present as both iron decolorant and coloring ions in ancient Roman and medieval glasses. Study of the behavior of manganese in ancient glasses during weathering may provide some limited clues to the behavior of long-lived radioactive technetium-99. Knowledge of the corrosion kinetics of ancient glasses will allow, eventually, a reasonable prediction of the long-term performance of glassy nuclear waste forms as function of their composition and environmental parameters, i.e. groundwater composition, flow rate, pH, solution volume, and surface area.corrosion, manganese, medieval glasses, nuclear waste glass, technetium | INTRODUCTIONGlass is a supercooled melt, a state that retains the statistical short-range order (SRO) of a liquid during cooling in lieu of the 3D-periodical long-range order (LRO) of a crystal.1 Key distinguishing properties of glass as opposed to crystalline ceramics include the following features:1. Glass shows isotropic properties, i.e. there are no direction-dependent variations of physical properties such as thermal expansion, index of refraction, hardness, modulus, electrical polarization, and others. The reason for this can be sought in the statistical distribution of structural elements such as tetrahedral glass-forming SiO 4 groups. 2. Glass shows reversible softening and solidification during transformation from brittle-solid to liquid state and vice versa, without formation of a new phase. Softening and solidification respectively occur within a more or less wide temperature interval, dependent on the composition, in particular on the silica content. Hence, in a thermodynamical sense glass has no fixed 'melting point'.In addition, the thermodynamic disequilibrium of glass leads to its composition-dependent leachability in the presence of water as well as minerals contained, for example in burial environment. Many ancient glasses buried under humic climatic conditions or exposed to deleterious environment such as external medieval church windows show surfaces depleted of leachable alkaline and/or alkaline earth ions. However, frequently those surface layers are strongly enriched in amorphous silica as well as silicate minerals such as clays or, rarely, zeolites.2

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Durability of Silicate Glasses: An Historical Approach

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnesium Nanoparticle by Gas Evaporation Method

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnesium Nanoparticle by Gas Evaporation Method

Microanalysis of blue pigments from the Ptolemaic temple of Hathor (Thebes), Upper Egypt: a case study

Weathering of ancient and medieval glasses—potential proxy for nuclear fuel waste glasses. A perennial challenge revisited

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