Superamphiphobic surfaces have great potential in many
fields but
often suffer from complicated, expensive, and time-consuming preparation
methods, difficulty in applying them on complex substrates, and low
stability. Herein, we show a facile fabrication of robust superamphiphobic
coatings on complex substrates. A stock suspension was prepared by
nonsolvent-induced phase separation of a silicone-modified polyurethane
(Si-PU) adhesive containing fluorinated silica (FD-silica) nanoparticles.
Then, superamphiphobic surfaces could be easily fabricated via dip
coating in the suspension. The influences of phase separation and
Si-PU/FD-silica ratio on the wettability and morphology of the coatings
were studied. The coatings feature a microscale dense and nanoscale
rough texture due to phase separation and rapid solvent evaporation,
which enhances the stability by forming strong linkages among the
nanoparticles while achieving high superamphiphobicity by trapping
air stably in the nanopores. Consequently, the coatings show excellent
static/dynamic superamphiphobicity, superior impalement resistance,
and good mechanical, chemical, thermal, and UV aging stability. Additionally,
the coatings have good anti-icing performance as demonstrated by the
greatly extended water freezing time and weakened ice adhesion force
in both simulated and real conditions.