Durable Transition‐Metal‐Carbide‐Supported Pt–Ru Anodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Nishanth, K.G.; Sridhar, P.; Pitchumani, S.; Shukla, Ashok

doi:10.1002/fuce.201100113

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[15][16][17][18] Another effective strategy to improve the catalytic activity of the noble metal-based catalyst is using suitable catalyst promoter. [19][20][21] The addition of carbide could lead to a highly promotive effect on noble metal-based electrocatalysts, [22][23][24][25][26][27] which has been described as synergistic effects. Recently, Mo 2 C has been used as an anode material for the direct oxidation of hydrocarbons in fuel cells and has shown promising performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly active, stable and synergistic Pt nanoparticles/Mo2C nanotube catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2015

NPG Asia Mater

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Poor electrocatalytic activity and carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning of the anode in Pt-based catalysts are still two major challenges facing direct methanol fuel cells. Herein, we demonstrate a highly active and stable Pt nanoparticle/Mo 2 C nanotube catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation. Pt nanoparticles were deposited on Mo 2 C nanotubes using a controllable atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. This catalyst showed much higher catalytic activity for methanol oxidation and superior CO tolerance, when compared with those of the conventional Pt/C and PtRu/C catalysts. The experimental evidence from X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy clearly support a strong chemical interaction between the Pt nanoparticles and Mo 2 C nanotubes. Our studies show that the existence of Mo 2 C not only minimizes the required Pt usage but also significantly enhances CO tolerance and thus improves their durability. These results provide a promising strategy for the design of highly active next-generation catalysts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly active, stable and synergistic Pt nanoparticles/Mo2C nanotube catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2015

NPG Asia Mater

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“…The higher current densities obtained while using the carbides as support was due to the synergistic effect produced by the interaction between Pt and metal carbides. 159,160 Since weaker bonding between carbides and CO facilitates relatively easier desorption of CO from carbide surface, therefore, carbide insertion can enhance CO-tolerant activity of Pt. 161 Xiang et al incorporated hydrogen molybdenum bronze (H x MoO 3 , 0 x 2) within Vulcan XC-72 and MWCNT matrices, individually.…”

Section: Catalyst Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Developments of Inorganic Nanocatalysts for Application in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Das

Dutta

Shul

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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Significant progress has been made in the last few years toward synthesizing highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in the electrodes of direct methanol fuel cells. In addition, research toward achieving an efficient catalyst supporting matrix has also attracted much attention in recent years. Carbon black-(Vulcan XC-72) supported Platinum and PlatinumRuthenium catalysts have for long served as the conventional choice as the cathode and the anode catalyst materials, respectively. Oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and methanol oxidation reaction at the anode occur simultaneously during the operation of a direct methanol fuel cell. However, inefficiencies in these reactions result in a generation of mixed potential. This, in turn, gives rise to reduced cell voltage, increased oxygen stoichiometric ratio, and generation of additional water that is responsible for water flooding in the cathode chamber. In addition, the lack of long-term stability of Pt-Ru anode catalyst, coupled with the tendency of Ru to cross through the polymer electrolyte membrane and eventually get deposited on the cathode, is also a serious drawback. Another source of potential concern is the fact that the natural resource of Pt and the rare earth metal Ru is very limited, and has been predicted to become exhausted very soon. To overcome these problems, new catalyst systems with high methanol tolerance and higher catalytic activity than Pt need to be developed. In addition, the catalyst-supporting matrix is also witnessing a change from traditionally used carbon powder to transition metal carbides and other highperformance materials. This article surveys the recent literature based on the advancements made in the field of highly dispersible inorganic catalysts for application in direct methanol fuel cells, as well as the progress made in the area of catalyst-supporting matrices.

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“…The appealing features of DMFC include high efficiency, high energy density, low operating temperature, environmentally benign 20 quality, and the ability to generate power without distributed pollution from by-products of hydrocarbon combustion. However, the poor activity and high cost of the anode catalysts still obstruct their large-scale applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high-performance catalyst support for methanol oxidation with graphene and vanadium carbonitride

et al. 2015

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In this study, a graphene-vanadium carbonitride (G-V(C, N)) hybrid is reported as a novel support for the Pt catalyst in methanol oxidation. The catalytic activity of the Pt/G-V(C, N) hybrid for methanol oxidation is greatly enhanced compared with that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst with carbon black as the catalyst support. The outstanding catalytic activity of the Pt/G-V(C, N) catalyst suggests the potential of using graphene-metal carbonitride as the catalyst support in fuel cells.

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Durable Transition‐Metal‐Carbide‐Supported Pt–Ru Anodes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

A highly active, stable and synergistic Pt nanoparticles/Mo2C nanotube catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation

A highly active, stable and synergistic Pt nanoparticles/Mo2C nanotube catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation

Progress in Developments of Inorganic Nanocatalysts for Application in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

A high-performance catalyst support for methanol oxidation with graphene and vanadium carbonitride

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